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Burgundy > Côte de Nuits > Flashcards

Côte de Nuits Flashcards

1
Q

What appellation in the Côte de Nuits is the northernmost as well as the newest?

A

Marsannay est. 1987

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2
Q

What are the three communes of Marsannay (N-S)?

A

Chenôve
Marsannay-La-Côte
Couchey

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3
Q

What is the only village appellation in all of Burgundy allowed to produce all three colors of wine?

A

Marsannay

-also the only village AOP in which rose wines are produced.

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4
Q

Who introduced the rose style to Burgundy and when?

A

The now-defunct Domaine Clair-Däu of Marsannay, in the 1920s.

-Grandson is Bruno Clair and inherited half of the domaine upon its dissolution in 1985

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5
Q

What is the top estate in Marsannay today?

A

Bruno Clair

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6
Q

Where is Fixin located?

A

Between the communes of Cochey and Brouchon (larger scale it is between Marsannay and Gevrey-Chambertain.)

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7
Q

What is the top premier cru in Fixin?

A

Clos de la Perrière, a climat whose boundaries cross the Brochon border.
- it is a monopole of Domaine de la Perrière; Fixon’s most ambitious owner.
- it is the only source of premier cru blanc wines.

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8
Q

How would you describe the red wines of Fixin?

A

More akin to Gevrey-Chambertin than classic Marsannay in style—burly, earthy, and often rather tannic in youth. To Fixin, Clive Coates applies the descriptor “sauvage”.

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9
Q

What appellation marks the northern most swath of grands crus in Côte de Nuits?

A

Gevrey-Chambertin AOP (include vineyards within Gevrey-Chambertain and Brochon)

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10
Q

What is the largest appellation in all the Côte d’Or?

A

Gevrey-Chambertin has over 400 ha of vines—not including the grands crus

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11
Q

What are the nine grand crus of Gevrey Chambertin and how are they divided?

List (N-S) on each side of Routes des Grand Crus/D122 (runs parallel to the D974)

A 
West of the route:
Mazis-Chambertin
Ruchottes-Chambertin
Chambertin-Clos de Bèze
Chambertin itself
Latricières Chambertin
**All share the same east-southeast aspect and general elevation (275 to 300 meters), characterized by thin, rocky marl soils, tinted red on the lower slope by iron oxide.

-East of the road, on an even gentler slope, are the remaining four:
Chapelle-Chambertin
Griotte-Chambertin
Charmes-Chambertin
Mazoyères-Chambertin (**often released as the more euphonic Charmes-Chambertin AOP as it is the most erratic, and rightly so: Mazoyères and Charmes, when considered collectively, contain over 30 ha of vines!)

**With the exception of the tiny, 2.6-ha Griotte-Chambertin—these are generally considered second-tier grands crus, and offer lighter wines than their more illustrious neighbors further upslope.

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12
Q

What are the top grand cru vineyards in Gevrey?

What is the oldest?

A

—Chambertin

—Clos de Bèze-Burgundy’s oldest climat

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13
Q

What Grand Cru in Gevrey-Chambertain is the steepest and has the highest elevation?

A

Ruchottes-Chambertin up to 320 meters.

-white, stony soil is thin and impoverished.

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14
Q

What are the only Côte de Nuits grands crus that abut the D974?

A

Mazoyères/Charmes and Clos de Vougeot, both also happen to be appellations dogged by questions of size and variable quality.

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15
Q

What is the Combe de Lavaux?

A

A small valley in the village of Gevrey-Chambertin that seperates two forest-capped hills.

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16
Q

What are the two most important premiers cru sites in Gevrey Chambertin?

A

Clos Saint-Jacques and Les Cazetiers.
Bruno Claire, Jadot, Rousseau each produce both.
–Located on the hills north of the combe, they have a steeper and more southerly aspect than the grands crus. The are the only 1er Crus in Gevrey that run from the bottom of the slope all the way to the top.

—Clos Saint-Jacques omitted from GC status in the 1930s because it did not touch Chambertin; considered an egregious error; wines from one top producer, Armand Rousseau, typically fetch higher sums (and see more new wood) than several grands crus in the same portfolio.

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17
Q

Name the five producers that own part of Clos Saint-Jacques.

A 
Armand Rousseau
Sylvie Esmonin
Bruno Clair
Louis Jadot
Domaine Fourrier

***”in the Rousseau cellar you are given the Saint-Jacques AFTER the Clos de La Roche, Ruchottes, and Mazis, and the Saint-Jacques is awarded a higher percentage of new oak. It is always the best of the wines.”

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18
Q

What is the only premier cru in Burgundy surrounded on all four sides by grands crus? Which grand crus? Where is it located?

A

Aux Combottes “oh-CUM-bet”, lies at Gevrey’s extreme southern end and is the only premier cru climat in Burgundy surrounded on all four sides by grands crus.

-Latricieres-Chambertin on the north, Mazoyeres-Chambertin NE/East, and Clos de la Roche in the south in Morey-St-Denis.

-It is suggested that the cru was precluded from grand cru consideration—from the fact that none of the vineyard’s owners in the 1930s were actually from Gevrey-Chambertin.
-Clive Coats believes the answers lies in the microclimate–it is in the fantest of hollows, and so drains marginally less well.
“Above it there is a break in the hill where the Combe Grisard disappears into the Hautes-Cotes, and this lets a breeze flow over the Combottes vines. It’s a small thing, but the result is that the grapes do no ripen as well as they do either in Clos-de-la-Roche or in Latricieres”

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19
Q

Describe the red wines of Gevrey-Chambertin

A

Usually touted as models of solidity, power, and structure for Pinot Noir, and may be tannic and austere in youth.

  • veer toward darker cherry fruit profile.
  • Deep color and concentration are often touted as hallmarks of the Gevrey, but this may have more to do with cold soaking and other extractive techniques popular in the village (particularly in the 1990’s) rather than inherent terroir
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20
Q

Why are village-level reds highly variable in Gevrey?

A

due to the commune’s sheer size and the large number of vines planted east of the D974—where they grow on flat ground, with less limestone and water-logged, clay-heavy soils.

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21
Q

Notable producers of Gevrey-Chambertin

A 
Rousseau
Fourrier
Bernard Dugat-Py “DO-got”
Claude Dugat
Denis Bachelet
Denis Mortet “doh-knee more-teh”
Joseph Roty
Pierre Damoy
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22
Q

Character of Morey-Saint-Denis wines?

A

Cherry/raspberry fruit character, and aromas of cinnamon spice, graphite and iron; on the tannic front… it’s not the most elegant, there’s a certain rusticity, a certain warmth. Gamy in comparison to Gevrey, the wine is more rustic and fuller in body than classic Chambolle.

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23
Q

What are the grands crus of Morey-Saint-Denis? (N-S)

A 
—Clos de la Roche
—Clos Saint-Denis
—Clos des Lambrays
—Clos de Tart
—Bonnes Mares (a sliver, mostly in Chambolle)
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24
Q

What does Clos de la Roche mean and describe the wine?

A

Clos de la Roche, the vineyard “on the rocks,” produces the most substantial, structured wine in Morey-Saint-Denis.

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25
Q

What premier cru in Morey-Saint-Denis may produce legally bottled Aligoté? Who is the only producer to do so?

A

Premier cru Monts Luisants: producers may legally bottle Aligoté as Monts Luisants blanc. Ponsot is currently the only estate to do so.

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26
Q

Desbribe the wines of Clos Saint-Denis?

A

Clos Saint-Denis is its more elegant, classier counterpart to Clos de la Roche

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27
Q

Which of the five grand crus of Morey-Saint-Denis are in fact surrounded by walls as their name would indicate?

A

Clos de Tart and Clos des Lambray

Clos de la Roche and Clos Saint-Denis are not.

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28
Q

Which Morey-Saint-Denis grand cru is a monopole and who was it owned by before October 2017?
Who is it owned by now?

A

—Clos de Tart owned by the Mommessin family.

—It is now owned by Francois Pinault’s Artemis group.

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29
Q

Which Morey-Saint-Denis grand cru is nearly a monopole with 8.7 of 8.8 ha owned by one domaine? What is the Domaine and who owns it?

A

Clos des Lambrays. Domaine des Lambrays, now a brand of the luxury goods conglomerate LVMH, controls 8.7 of the vineyard’s 8.8 ha.

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30
Q

Who founded Domaine Dujac and when?

A

Jacques Seysses by purchasing Domaine Graillet in 1967

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31
Q

Notable producers of Morey-Saint-Denis

A 
Dujac
Ponsot
Perrot-Minot
Guy Castagnier
Hubert Lignier
Clos de Tart
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32
Q

How much of Morey-Saint-Denis is classified as either premier or grand cru?

A

Over 50%

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33
Q

Where are most of the premiere crus in Morey-St-Denis?
What are two exceptions and name a producer who bottles from each?
Which of these has land on all three tiers: Village, Premier Cru, and Grand Cru?

A

—Mostly arrayed in a band below the grand crus.

—Les Chaffots (Hubert Lignier) and Monts Luisants (Ponsot) are arranged on the high slopes above Clos de la Roche and Clos St-Denis.

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34
Q

Why may you not see many premier crus single vineyard bottlings in Morey-Saint-Denis?

A

The premiers crus are small, and the parcels within even smaller; therefore, it is customary to see blended bottlings labeled simply as Morey-Saint-Denis 1er Cru, absent any geographical designation.

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35
Q

True or False? Only red wines may be produced in Morey-Saint-Denis?

A

False-Red and white wines may be produced as Morey-Saint-Denis AOP, but white wines account for less than 10% of the village’s production.

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36
Q

Important Premier Crus of Morey-Saint-Denis

A 
Les Ruchots
La Bussière (Roumier monopole)
Clos des Ormes (Lignier) "clos de-zorm"
Aux Charmes (Lignier-Michelot)
Le Facconnieres
Monts Luisants
Aux Chesseaux
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37
Q

Grand crus of Chambolle-Musigny?

A

Musigny and Bonnes Mares (90%)

–the town and combe separate the two.

38
Q

What Combe is Chambolle-Musigny nestled within?

A

Combe de Chamboeuf.

39
Q

What is the soil composition in Bonnes Mares?

A

Shifts from denser red clays on the Morey side (and throughout its lower sections) to lighter marl soils, rich in limestone, as one approaches Chambolle.

40
Q

Describe the wines of Bonnes Mares.

A

With more than 15 total hectares and almost three-dozen owners, Bonnes Mares resists easy generalizations, yet many sommeliers and critics agree that the vineyard’s wines are overall muscular and tannic, rather unlike the traditional Chambolle profile.

41
Q

Describe soils of Chambolle-Musigny?

A

High active limestone component and lower percentages of clay

-this triggers mild chlorosis in the wines—one cause, tasters suggest, for the silky, ethereal, light-colored style of red wines produced in the commune.

42
Q

What are the three lieux-dits of Musigny?

A
  • -Le Musigny
  • -Les Petits Musigny
  • -La Combe d’Orveaux “or-VOO” (small section of the premier cru climat–situated south of the town, on the slopes above Clos de Vougeot and overlooking the vineyards of Echezeaux on the south facing side of the Combe.)
43
Q

What is the only grand cru in the Côte de Nuits in which white wine production is permitted?

A

Musigny

44
Q

Describe the wines of Musigny

A

Exemplify Chambolle style: fragrant, floral, and silky.

45
Q

Who owns three-quarters of the entire Musigny vineyard?

A

Domaine Comte Georges de Vogüé, including its sole parcel of Chardonnay, currently sold simply as Bourgogne blanc while the domaine’s vines, replanted in the early 1990s, mature.

46
Q

What is the most sought after premier cru in Chambolle-Musigny? Where is it located?

A

Les Amoureuses

–directly down-slope from Musigny, adjacent to the commune of Vougeot.

47
Q

What is the largest premier cru in Chambolle-Musigny?

A

Les Charmes

48
Q

How (and what) white grapes are allowed in Gevrey-Chambertin, Chambolle-Musigny, and Nuits-Saint-Georges?

A

Max 15% mixed plantings of Chardonnay, Pinot Blanc, Pinot Gris are allowed in red wines.
*same with the reds of Morey-Saint-Denis, which also allows white wine.

49
Q

Where is Musigny located?

A

Situated south of the town, on the slopes above Clos de Vougeot.

50
Q

How many premier cru in Chambolle-Musigny?

A

24

51
Q

Notable producers of Chambolle-Musigny

A

De Vogüé
Georges Roumier
Ghislaine Barthod
Jacques-Frédéric Mugnier

52
Q

Top Climats of Chambolle-Musigny

A

—Les Fuées “FEW-ay” Mugnier, Joseph Faiveley, Ghislaine Barthod, Fuées=the amount of land a man could plow with a mattock tool in one day.
—Les Véroilles “veer-owal” Ghislaine Barthod sole owner; mostly village land with .37 ha elevated to premier cru in 1987.
—Les Cras (“Cras” derives from craie, or “chalk.”): Georges Roumier, Ghislaine Barthod
**line the slope alongside Bonnes Mares

53
Q

What is the Grand Cru of Vougeot?

What landmark is one of the most iconic in all of Burgundy?

A

Clos de Vougeot

Renaissance-era Château de Clos de Vougeot.

-Built by Cistercian monks as a symbol of their prestige and authority, the building fell into secular hands during the Revolution. The Confrérie des Chevaliers du Tastevin, a Burgundian wine brotherhood and promotional organization founded in 1934, acquired the historic château after World War II, and use it today as headquarters and backdrop for charity events and major tastings, like the biannual Grands Jours de Bourgogne. The castle stands amidst the vines of Clos de Vougeot Grand Cru AOP—the building is one of Burgundy’s most iconic landmarks.

54
Q

What is the most famous walled climat in the Côte d’Or?

A

Clos de Vougeot

55
Q

What is the largest grand cru in the Côte de Nuits?

A

Clos de Vougeot Grand Cru AOP

56
Q

Why would a buyer need to be wary of purchasing Clos de Vougeot Grand Cru AOP?

A
  • 82 owners
  • Numerous variations in soil
  • An almost flat grade—its lower sector nearest the road is riddled with depressions that collect standing water—do not inspire confidence in the buyer.

-one must assume that, absent its famed wall, the Clos de Vougeot would likely have been divided among grand cru, premier cru, and even village land.

57
Q

Does Clos de Vougeot Grand Cru produce white wines?

A

No, only red wines

-Vougeot AOP village premier cru wines may be red or white, but infrequently encounted in the market.

58
Q

Grand Crus of Vosne-Romanee and Flagey Echezeaux

Locations

A

—Echezeaux: North of Vosne Romanée
—Grands Echezeaux: NE portion Flagey Echezeaux; triangular-shaped smaller vineyard wedged between Echézeaux and the west wall of Clos du Vougeot.
**a number of premier cru server as a break between Flagey and Vosne (namely les Suchots)

—Richebourg: Northern most GC of Vosne-Romanée
—Romanée-St-Vivant: down slope (east) of Richebourg

—La Romanée:south of Richebourg
—Romanée-Conti: down slope (east) of La Romanée and south or Richebourg

—La Grande Rue: south of La Romanee and Romanée-Conti
—La Tache: south of La Grand Rue

59
Q

Who owns monopole of La Grande Rue?

A

Francois Lamarche

60
Q

Who owns the monopole of La Romanee?

A

Comte Liger-Belair

61
Q

Who two grand crus does Domaine de la Romanee-Conti own?

A

La Tache

Romanee-Conti

62
Q

Describe the wines of Vosne-Romanée

A

Epitome of Pinot Noir, as models of finesse and purity, with a capacity for long, graceful aging.

63
Q

Name the famous domaines of Vosne Romanee

A

Domaine de la Romanée-Conti, Domaine Leroy, Comte Liger-Belair, Sylvain Cathiard, and Méo-Camuzet.

64
Q

What are the monopole grand crus of Vosne Romanee and who owns them?

A

—La Grande Rue-François Lamarche
—La Romanée-Comte Liger-Belair
—La Tâche and Romanée-Conti- Domaine de la Romanée-Conti

65
Q

What was the last grand cru in Burgundy to be replanted after phylloxera and when?

A

1.8-ha Romanée-Conti

66
Q

What is the most expensive red wine in the world at release?

A

Romanée-Conti

67
Q

What is the smallest AOP in France? What is the size? Where is it located?

A
  1. 85-ha La Romanée

- sits above Romanée-Conti

68
Q

What is the difference between La Romanée and Romanée-Conti in terms of soil and aspect?

A

La Romanée sits above Romanée-Conti and has a higher grade 17-20%

-both share the same brown marl surface soils, but La Romanée suffers from more erosion.

69
Q

What is orientation of La Romanee vines?

List two reasons?

A

North-south orientation.

  • -Limits the impact of erosion as La Romanee is at a 17-20% gradient.
  • -As the smallest of the grand crus, if rows were oriented up-slope in the traditional fashion tractors would spend half their time just trying to turn around.
70
Q

What is typically a better source of grapes Echézeaux or Grands-Echézeaux? Who is the largest land owner of both Grand Crus?

A
  • Echézeaux Grand Cru AOP is an amalgamation: eleven separate lieux-dits cobbled together under one name, with great variation in soil and slope. In many areas, the vineyard appears almost flat. At 38 ha and over 80 individual parcels, Echézeaux suffers from the same criticisms as Clos de Vougeot: too many producers, too variable in quality, and no cohesive theme of terroir.
  • The triangular-shaped Grands-Echézeaux, a smaller vineyard wedged between Echézeaux and the west wall of Clos du Vougeot, is universally considered a finer source, and priced accordingly.
  • In both vineyards, Domaine de la Romanée-Conti is again the largest landowner.
71
Q

Top premiers crus of Vosne-Romanee

A 
Les Suchots
Les Beaux Monts
Les Petits Monts
Aux Malconsorts
Cros Parantoux (made famous by Henri Jayer)
72
Q

Which premier cru of Vosne-Romanée was made famous by Henri Jayer?

What are the only two owners today?

A

Cros Parantoux

Emmanuel Rouget and Méo-Camuzet

73
Q

What is the only premier cru in Vosne-Romanee or Flagey Echezeaux that does not abut a grand cru climat?

A

Michel Gros’ monopole Clos des Reas. It is in the South-eastern tip of Vosne-Romanee

74
Q

What are the 11 lieux dits of Echézeaux?

A 
Les Poulaillères
Echézeaux-du-Dessus
En Orveaux
Les Champs Traversins
Les Rouges-du-Bas
Les Loachausses
Les Criots-en-Vignes-Blanches
Clos St-Denis
Les Treux
Les Beaux Monts Bas
Les Quartiers-des-Nuits.
75
Q

What is the largest commune in the Côte de Nuits?

A

Nuits-Saint-Georges with over 5,000 inhabitants.

  • it is the only real center of commerce and population between Dijon and Beaune.
  • Nuits is a bit like Beaune in microcosm-a bustling, pedestrian-friendly town center, surrounded by the industry of winemaking: négociants, tonnelleries, and agents of transport and sale.
  • Nuits even has its own charitable hospital, the Hopsices de Nutis-Saint-Georges, endowed with vines just like its more famous counterpart in Beaune.
76
Q

What village is south of Nuits-Saint-Georges?

A

Premeaux-Prissey
–both NSG and Premeaux-Prissey produce both village and premier cru red and white wines under Nuits-Saint-Georges AOP.
(White wines comprise on 3-4% of the total output)

77
Q

What village produces the second most red wine in the Côte de Nuits, behind Gevrey?

A

Nuits-Saint-Georges

78
Q

How is Nuits-Saint-Georges broadly divided in terms of style?

A

Broadly divided into two camps of style: from vineyards north of town, the wines carry fruit and finesse akin to those produced in neighboring Vosne-Romanée, while wines harvested from vineyards south of Nuits itself are tannic, sturdier, and more rugged.

79
Q

How are the premier crus of Nuits-Saint-Georges be divided?

A

Nuits’ 41 premiers crus can be divided into three main groups:

  • North swath-vineyards north of the commune of Nuits-Saint-Georges: extending southward from Vosne-Romanée Aux Malconsorts, begins with Aux Boudots—an exceptional site principally worked by Vosne-Romanée domaines—and ends abruptly with the border of Aux Argillas, a row of houses.
  • South swath-vineyards south of Nuits is another band of mid-slope premiers crus, including Les Saint-Georges and its neighbors, Les Cailles and Les Vaucrains, lying on stony soils at the outlet of a small combe. Led by Les Saint-Georges, this trio accounts for many of the appellation’s best wines.
  • Those within the borders of Premeaux-Prissey: from Les Saint-Georges into Premeaux-Prissey.
80
Q

What cru in Morey-Saint-Denis has land on all three tiers: Village, Premier Cru, and Grand Cru

What does the cru translate to?

A

Monts Luisants “glowing hill”, so named for the color of the vine leaves, which are brighter and quite yellow, reflecting just enough light to allow vineyard workers to see during night harvesting.

81
Q

What monopole is the southernmost premier cru in the Côte de Nuits. Who owns it?

A

Clos de la Maréchale is the southernmost premier cru in the Côte de Nuits. It is owned by Jacques-Frédéric Mugnier.

82
Q

What is one (if not the) steepest premier cru in the Côte de Nuits? Where is located?

A

Clos Arlot (neighbor to Jacques-Frédéric Mugnier’s monopole Clos de la Maréchale in the southern part of Premeaux-Prissey) may be the steepest, with a grade approaching 50% in its northwestern sector.

83
Q

What is the only premier cru in the entire Côte d’Or located east of the D974. Who owns it?

A

Clos des Grandes Vignes owned by Domaine du Comte Liger-Belair’s in Nuits-Saint George

84
Q

Notable domaines based in either Nuits or Premeaux.

A 
Robert Chevillon
Jean-Jacques Confuron
Michèle and Patrice Rion
Regis Forey
Domaine l’Arlot
85
Q

Who is the most important man in the NSG wine business today?

A

Jean-Claude Boisset, who has amassed a portfolio of Burgundy estates and négociants under his family’s umbrella of brands, and created Burgundy’s largest wine empire.

86
Q

What is the only 1er Cru vineyard in the Côte d’Or east of the RN74, and who owns it?

A

Clos des Grandes Vignes in Nuits-St-Georges (technically in Premeaux-Prissey)

—Owned by Chateau de Puligny Montrachet since 2005. Purchased by Liger-Belair in 2012.

87
Q

What Grand Cru in Vosne Romanee is released first?

A

Richebourg (must be aged until at least June 15 of the year following the harvest). All others are June 30th.

88
Q

What villages in the Côte de Nuits may produce white wine?

A

Fixin, Marsannay, Morey-St-Denis, Nuits-Saint-Georges, and Vougeot
**all produce premiere cru white except Marsannay.

89
Q

DRC GC Vineyard Holdings?

A

Vineyard Holdings: 29.227
—Romanée-Conti GC (monopole): 1.81 ha Pinot Noir
—La Tâche GC (monopole): 6.06 ha Pinot Noir
—Richebourg GC: 3.51 ha Pinot Noir
—Romanée-Saint-Vivant GC: 5.29 ha Pinot Noir
—Grands-Echézeaux GC: 3.53 ha Pinot Noir
—Echézeaux GC: 4.67 ha Pinot Noir
—Corton GC: blended from the three Corton lieux-dits. (Bressandes, Clos du Roi, Renardes)
—Le Montrachet GC: 0.68 ha Chardonnay
—Batard-Montrachet GC: 0.17 ha Chardonnay

90
Q

Monopole crus of Nuits St. George

A

—Clos de la Maréchale “mar-reh-shawl”: JF Mugnier
—Clos des Grandes Vignes: Liger-Belair
—Clos des Forêts “for-its” Saint-Georges and Clos Arlot: Domaine de l’Arlot
—Clos des Corvées “cor-vee-s”: Prieuré-Roch

Burgundy (7 decks)

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