Costal Mechanics and ME

Question 1

In costal ME, the respiratory assist technique is most useful in ________ dysfunctions (primary joint restriction with minimal muscle involvement).

Answer 1

Articular costal

Question 2

What are the most common techniques used for rib dysfunctions?

Answer 2

PIR (less common)

Respiratory assist (best for inhalation dysfunctions)

Joint mobilization using muscle force (best for exhalation dysfunctions)

Question 3

The ________ and ________ are accessory muscles that aid in inhalation.

Answer 3

Sternocleidomastoid, scalenes

Question 4

The ________ and ________ are principle muscles in inhalation.

Answer 4

External intercostals, diaphragm

Question 5

When identified, the key rib is the rib that should be treated ________.

Answer 5

First

Question 6

The ribs can be palpated just ________ to the thoracic transverse processes.

Answer 6

Lateral

Question 7

In PIR costal ME, the hand anchoring the rib should ________ the rib to move in the inhalation direction.

Answer 7

Not allow

Question 8

The biomechanics of ribs 3-5(6) are a combination of ________ and ________ motions.

Answer 8

Pump handle, bucket handle

Question 9

Rib springing is a ________ technique.

Answer 9

Non-physiologic/mechanical

Question 10

For costal dysfunctions, treatments should last ________ seconds.

Answer 10

5-7

Question 11

The biomechanics of ribs (6)7-10 are mainly ________ motion.

Answer 11

Bucket handle

Question 12

Pump handle motion is generally in the ________ plane whereas bucket handle motion is in the ________ plane.

Answer 12

Sagittal, coronal

Question 13

The ________ and ________ aid in active breathing (exhalation).

Answer 13

Internal intercostals, abdominal musculature (rectus abdominis, external/internal oblique, transversus abdominis)

Question 14

Rib palpation utilizing respiration is a ________ technique.

Answer 14

Physiologic

Question 15

For exhalation dysfunctions, the key rib will be the ________ rib in the group.

Answer 15

Upper most

Question 16

The mechanics of the first and second rib can be described as ________ like.

Answer 16

Pump handle

Question 17

For inhalation dysfunctions, the key rib will be the ________ rib of the group.

Answer 17

Lowest

Question 18

The biomechanics of the 11th and 12th ribs exhibit ________ motion.

Answer 18

Caliper

Question 19

Always treat ________ dysfunctions first and then costal dysfunctions, unless the costal dysfunction is ________.

Answer 19

Thoracovertebral, non-physiologic

Question 20

Where is it easiest to palpate rib motion?

Answer 20

The location at which the rib traverses through its greatest arc.

Question 21

When treating ribs, PIR is used to treat dysfunction in which the restriction is secondary to ________.

Answer 21

Muscle hypertonicity