Costal Managment

Question 1

Give some examples of hard engineering stratagies with expenses

Answer 1

Sea wall - £6000/m
Groynes - £5000 each (every 200 meters ish)
Tidal barrier (retractable barriers) - extremely expensive in the millions

Question 2

Give some disadvantages of hard engineering strategies other than cost

Answer 2

Sea walls can be viewed as ugly
Groynes potentially disrupt long shore drift and hence increase erosion elsewhere
Off shore breakwaters could prove to be navigational hazard
Spending a lot of money in one place can lead to unrest eleswhwere down the coast where people aren’t being protected

Question 3

Give some examples of soft engineering and their costs

Answer 3

Beach nourishment - £300 per meter
Dune regenration - £200 per 100 meters
Marsh creation - variable but money lost through agricultural land being lost

Question 4

What are some disadvantages of soft engineering?

Answer 4

Can be less effective
May need constant maintance
Removes potentially arable land
Time consuming

Question 5

What is an SMP?

Answer 5

Shoreline management projects

Act with one sediment cell and look at it as one whole closed system incorporates to some extent peoples opinions

Question 6

What is an ICZM?

Answer 6

Integrated coastal zone management
More holistic than an SMP
Incorporates all stakeholders, i.e. Locals and NGOs
They are more dynamic stratagies and look at coasts upto a national level.