COSC-1337 Chapter 6

Question 1

What is the approach of using functions in a program known as?

Answer 1

Divide and conquer.

Question 2

What is the benefit of using functions in your program?

Answer 2

Code reuse. You can reuse the same functions throughout the entire program without having to rewrite them over and over.

Question 3

What is a “function call”?

Answer 3

It is a statement that causes a function to execute.

Question 4

What is the first line of a function called?

Answer 4

Function header

Question 5

Just like header files in our program, what do we need for function to be included in our program as well?

Answer 5

Function prototypes. These come before the main function begins.

Question 6

Values that are sent to a function are called?:

Answer 6

Arguments

Question 7

The “return” statement will cause a function to do what?

Answer 7

End immediately.

Question 8

A function that returns a value is known as a?

Answer 8

Value-returning function

Question 9

Variables that are defined inside of a function are known as?

Answer 9

Local variables

Question 10

A local variable can only be accessed from?

Answer 10

Within the function that created it

Question 11

A global variable can be accessed from?

Answer 11

Anywhere in the program

Question 12

What happens to local variables after their function’s end?

Answer 12

The “lifetime” of the local variable is destroyed.

Question 13

Where do you have to declare a variable for it to be “global”?

Answer 13

Outside of all functions INCLUDING MAIN

Question 14

How would you clear the screen?

Answer 14

system(“clear”);

Question 15

What happens if the name of a Global Variable/Constant is the same as a local variable in a function?

Answer 15

The global variable is “shadowed” by the local variable in the function.

This means that the global variable is not seen by the local variable in the function with the same name.

Question 16

How would we create a local variable in a function that would remember its value after ever time the function is called?

Answer 16

function(int x, int y) {

static int localVar;

localVar = x+y;

return localVar;
}

Question 17

What happens when there is no argument that is passed to a functions parameter when the function is called?

Answer 17

The “default arguments” are input to the function.

Question 18

How can we initialize the default argument values of a function?

Answer 18

By declaring them in the “function prototype”

Question 19

How do we change the value of a variable that was passed to a function as an argument?

Answer 19

We would use a reference variable. This is known as “pass by reference”.

function(int &staticVar, int y) {

statements;
statements;
return value;
}

In the example above, the parameter “staticVar” will also change the value of the variable that is passed to it in the function call.

Question 20

Are variables the only thing that can be “passed by reference”?

Answer 20

Yes. Passing anything else by reference will result in an error.