COSC-1337 Chapter 5

Question 1

What is the first line of a while loop called?

while(condition) {

}

Answer 1

Loop header

Question 2

Each execution of a loop is known as an?:

Answer 2

Iteration

Question 3

What is a variable that controls the number of times a loop iterates called?

Answer 3

Loop control variable

Question 4

What type of loop is the while loop?

Answer 4

It is a “pre-test loop” this is because the condition is tested BEFORE each iteration

Question 5

What is the “first read” called right before the input is tested by a while loop for input validation?

Answer 5

Priming read

Question 6

The “++” and “–” operators can only work on what types of values/data?

Answer 6

They can only work with “lvalues” AKA a variable.

Question 7

What is a “counter”?

Answer 7

It is a variable that increments each time a loop iterates

Question 8

What is a “sentinel”?

Answer 8

It is a special value or character that is used to mark the end of a list of values

Question 9

What type of loop terminates when the sentinel is entered?

Answer 9

A “sentinel-controlled loop”

Question 10

What type of loop is the “do-while loop”?

Answer 10

It is a post-test loop. This means that AFTER each iteration the condition is then tested.

Question 11

What file header must you include to use “toupper()” and “tolower()”?

Answer 11

cctype

Question 12

What type of loop is the “for loop”?

Answer 12

It is a pretest loop THAT IS COUNT CONTROLLED

Question 13

What is a loop inside of another loop called?

Answer 13

A “nested loop”

Question 14

What is the name for saving data to a file called?

Answer 14

“Writing data” to a file

Question 15

What is the name of a file that data is “written” to?

Answer 15

Output file

Question 16

What is the process of retrieving data from a file called?

Answer 16

Reading data

Question 17

What term is used to describe the file that data is input from?

Answer 17

Input file. It is called this because a program is getting input from this file

Question 18

What are the two general types of files?

Answer 18

Text and binary files

Question 19

What is another name for “direct access file”?

Answer 19

Random access file

Question 20

How are files on a disk identified?

Answer 20

By their “filename”

Question 21

What is a file stream object?

Answer 21

It is an OBJECT that is associated with a SPECIFIC file on the computer’s disk. This object is created in a program in order for the program to be able to work with the file.

Question 22

Why does “file stream object” have the word “stream” in it?

Answer 22

Because it enables streams of data to be copied to memory from a file, and from a file to memory.

Question 23

What type of operations can we perform on a file object of the data type?

Answer 23

We can open the file and read its contents

Question 24

What type of operations can we perform on a file object of the data type?

Answer 24

We can create a file and write and save data to it.

Question 25

Are a programs files automatically shutdown when the program is terminated?

Answer 25

Yes. But it is a good practice to write out the close file statements within a program.

Question 26

Why should we write close file statements in our program?

Answer 26

So that the data in the "file buffer" is saved to our file. Because some operating systems limit the number of files you can have open at one time. (Don't deplete the computer's resources on unnecessary files)

Question 27

What is the special value that the file stream object withholds as it's reading data from a file?

Answer 27

Read position

Question 28

How do we read a value from a file stream object?

Answer 28

filestreamObject >> readVaraible

Question 29

How do we declare a fstream file stream object that is named inputFile? How do we "link" the file customers.txt to it as well?

Answer 29

fstream inputFile; inputFile.open("customers.txt"); OR fstream inputFile("customers.txt");