Corynebacterium Diphtheria 🌽🦠 Flashcards
What’s the main characteristics of corynebacterium diphtheria ⁉️
🦠gram + with rods 🦠non-capsulated 🦠nonspor formation 🦠pleomorphic 🦠Chinese character 🇨🇳 🦠cluster of parallel rays
Why does the corynebacterium diphtheria has a clubbed end🏒⁉️
🔸because of volutin granules ➡️to act as storage place for inorganic polyphosphate ➡️to use it as a food during tough environment 🌚
Why do we have a decline in the corynebacterium diphtheria trend ⁉️
Because of vaccine 💉
🔹before vaccinations the children below 12 years old were effected the most
🔹after vaccination 💉 the bacteria shifted into adults because of the incomplete immunity status 🙂➡️due to alcohol 🍷 or immunocompramized😷
Transmission of diphtheria ⁉️
🌚respiratory droplets 💧
🙂indicated skin
Reservoir of diphtheria ⁉️
Only human 😛
Carriers of corynebacterium diphtheria ⁉️
🔹nasal carriers ➡️more dangerous due to the amount of shedding
🔹throat carriers ➡️less dangerous
Sources Of infection(يعني كيف العدوة حتىصلني كشخص سليم )⁉️⁉️⁉️
🔹carries ➡️95% (nasal carries and throat carrier )
🔹case ➡️5%
لانو الشخص اللي ظاهرة عليه الاعراض سيأخذ التدابير اللازمة ويتعالج على عكس الشخص الحامل للبكتيريا بدون اخد علاج وظهور اعراض 🌚
Corynebacterium diphtheria toxin ⁉️
🔸it’s two subunit toxins (a&b)
🔸it’s expressed after bacteriophage infection
🔸it can produce antitoxins
🔸A➡️catalytic domain
🔸b➡️receptor binding domain &translation domain
Types of diphtheria ⁉️
🔻pulmonary diphtheria
🔻cutaneous diphtheria
🔻systematic diphtheria ➡️due to toxin absorption 💀💢💢
What’s the most common type of diphtheria ⁉️
🫁respiratory diphtheria
Incubation period 🌚
هي الفترة بين حدوث الinfection وبين ظهور الاعراض
➡️3-4 days
We have 3 stages of diphtheria mention them⁉️⁉️
🔸faucial diphtheria ➡️in fauces (the cavity between mouth and pharynx )🌚
🔸extension of membrane
🔸bull neck apperance
Faucial stage of diphtheria ⁉️
🔸it’s the cavity between the back of the mouth and the pharynx
🔸it starts with diphtheria penetration of skin or mucous membranes
🔸then bacteria 🧫 will start to multiples in order to make exotoxins
🔸production of toxins will lead to edema ,hyperemia,vacslar congestion
➡️that will lead to increase permeability of blood vessels 🩸
➡️epithelial necrosis
➡️local damge
🔸fibrinogen will react with thrombplastin of the necrotic tissue and converted into fibrin (diphtheritic membrane )
What’s the diphtheritic membrane ⁉️
🔺it’s made of insoluble fibrin ,bacteria ,macrophages,necrotic tissue
🔺attached tightly to mucosa ➡️if you try to remove it you will cause tissue bleeding 🩸
🔺increase in thickness up to 5-6 days of infection
🔺has a tendency to expand into another organ
🔺detach after 5-10 day
🔺thick ,leathery ,greywhite
Components of pseudo membranes diphtheritic ⁉️
🔹bacteria
🔹phagocytes
🔹necrotic epithelium
💢fibrin
Manifestations of corynebacterium diphtheria ⁉️➡️respiratory diphtheria
🔹low fever 🥵 🔹headache 🙂 🔹weakness 🔹voice changes 🔹dysphagia 🔹sore throat
Stage 2 of respiratory diphtheria ⁉️
🔺extension of pseudomembrane ➡️in sever cases only ➡️extended to larynx &bronchial airways ➡️fatal airway obstruction ➡️tracheotomy
What’s stage 3 in the corynebacterium diphtheria ⁉️
➡️bull neck appearance 🔹massive tonsils swelling 🔹lymphadenopathy 🔹edema in submandibular and paratraheal area ➡️manifestations 🔸thick speach 🔸foul breath 🔸stridor breathing 😮💨 صرير
The diphtheritic psudeomembranous is gone after ⁉️🙂
🔻5-10 days
What’s the diphtheritic pharyngitis and streptococcal pharyngitis ⁉️
🔹diphtheria pharyngitis
➡️well demarcated
➡️grey white
➡️tightly attached
🧫streptococcal pharyngitis
➡️exidative lesion (less demarcated)
➡️less attached
Volutin granules ⁉️🙂
A structure found in corynebacterium diphtheria act as a storage place for inorganic polyphospate ➡️to use it when the environment is tough 💀
Systematic diphtheria effect 4 places mention them ⁉️
🔺adrenal gland
🔺Nervous system
🔺cardio
🔺kidney
When does the systematic diphtheria happened ⁉️
When the diphtheria toxin invaded 🔸subcutaneous tissue 🔸lymph nodes 🔸blood stream ➡️and then to the target cell 🎯
Diphtheria myocarditis ⁉️
🩸appears after 2-3 week of respiratory diphtheria
🩸heart weakness,enlargement.arrhythmia and ➡️hf
