corticosteroids Flashcards
short-medium acting glucocorticoids
Hydrocortisone (cortisol) (Cortaid®)
Prednisone Intensol
Methylprednisolone (Medrol)
intermediate-acting glucocorticoids
MORE anti-inflamm. potency
LESS mincort potency (vs short acting)
Triamcinolone(Nasacort)
long-acting glucocorticoids
Dexamethasone (Baycadron)
glucocorticoid synthesis inhibitor and antagonists
Metyrapone (Metopirone)
Ketoconazole (Nizoral) (*antifungal)
glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid antagonists
Spironolactone (Aldactone)
glucocorticoid, mineralocorticoid, androgen, progesterone and estrogen agonist
Cosyntropin (Cortrosyn®)
mineralocorticoids agonists
Fludrocortisone
17-hydroxysteroids (17-OH)
steroid metabolite that can be measured in urine
if have mineral corticoid activity
promote Na reabsorption in renal distal tubules, inc. excretion potassium and hydrogen ions
allergy tx
prednisone
methylprednisolone
triamcinolone
dexamethasone
cerebral edema tx
prednisone
bacterial meningitis tx
dexamethasone
hematological disorders tx
prednisone, triamcinolone, dexamethasone
collagen disorders tx
prednisone, methylprednisolone, triamcinolone,
dexamethasone.
hepatic disease tx
prednisolone
+ azathioprine
renal disease tx
methylprednisolone
respiratory tx
prednisone
betamethasone
dexamethasone
learn adverse effects
!!
GI SEs
decrease the mucus protection, inc. acid, ulcers
synergisim with NSAIDS–>inc. GI events
edema SEs
fluid retention w/ heart/kidney disease, Na restriction
carb/lipid metab SEs
hyperglycemia, aggravate DM
hypokalemia SE
hypokalemia, met alkalosis, asthenia, paraylsis, arrythmias–>cardiac arrest
hypophosphatemia SE
low levels blood phosphate
osteonecrosis SE
femoral head, humeral head, femoral condyles, tibial plateau, talus, capitulum
- fat embolism, hypercoag., inc. IOstP, fat swelling
- joint pain 1st
negative N balance
excessive breakdown, eat high protein diet to overcome
CNS edema
behavior/personality changes
euphoria, insomnia, inc. appetite, nervousness, sleep diet, psychosis, paranoia
growth suppression
children : should avoid using!!
myopathy
loss of muscle mass, UE/LE
reversible
9a fluorinated steroids (i.e. triamcinolone)
skin and soft tissue
purpura, skin thinning, SCC, BCC
acne, alopecia, hypertrichosis, striae
cushingoid features
cushingoid features
truncal obesity, buffalo hump, moon face, weight gain
