Corrosion 3 Flashcards

1
Q

typically refers to the
degradation of metals due to chemical
reactions with their environment,
leading to deterioration and loss of
material.

A

Corrosion

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2
Q

occur when polymers are
exposed to heat above a
specified temperature limit

A

Chain Scission from Heat

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3
Q

is highly
dependent on the molecule structure
whether amorphous or crystalline.
Crystalline are more resistant to
organic substances and solvents
than amorphous polymers

A

Chemical resistance

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4
Q

Physical effects on polymers may lead to

A

swelling, dissolving or leakage of additives

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5
Q

small molecules infiltrate the structure

A

swelling

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6
Q

According to IUPAC, polymers are
substances composed of

A

macromolecules

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7
Q

The most common form of degradation

A

decrease in polymer chain length

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8
Q

the penetration of the
plastic by a corrodent, which causes
softening, swelling, and ultimate failure

A

Solvation

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8
Q

is caused by photons or light-breaking chemical bonds. Light of
any wavelength shorter than the threshold will break a bond, while longer wavelengths cannot
fracture it.

A

Photochemical degradation

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9
Q

is a molecular migration
through microvoids either in the
polymer or between polymer
molecules. This action is strictly a
physicalphenomenon

A

Permeation

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10
Q

can cause softening of the polymer,
introduce high stresses, and cause failure of
the bond on lined component

A

Swelling

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11
Q

is a material that is neither
metallic nor organic. It may be
crystalline, glassy or both crystalline
and glassy

A

ceramic

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12
Q

When compared to steel and plastic polymers,
technical ceramics offer

A

superior corrosion
resistance

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13
Q

they are exceedingly immune
to corrosion by almost all
environments, especially at room
temperature.

A

Ceramic materials

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14
Q

The solid material dissolves directly into the liquid through
dissociation or reaction with the solvent

A

Direct Dissolution

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15
Q

The corrosion process of a solid material by a liquid can
involve the formation of an interface or reaction product
between the solid and the solvent. This reaction product
mayor may not create an attached surface layer.

A

Indirect Dissolution

16
Q

tend to be soluble in polar solvents (e.g.,
salt in water) and covalent materials tend to be soluble in
nonpolar solvents (e.g., SiC in hexane).

A

Ionic materials

17
Q

is typically manufactured to
harness the optimal properties of two or more
materials, aiming to enhance overall
performance or capture specific attributes of
each component

18
Q

is highly stable in oxidizing atmospheres up to
1090°C, while boron nitride is stable only up to 850°C

A

Boron carbide

19
Q

are commonly used in composites for low temperature applications, particularly in polymer matrices for
marine or moist environments.

A

Glass fibers

20
Q

is defined as a process in which the
object due to applied force changes its size or shape in a
way that is not reversible

A

Plastic deformation

21
Q

involves the sliding of blocks of crystal
over one another along different crystallographic
planes known as slip planes

22
Q

the portion of
crystals takes up an orientation related to the
orientation of the rest of the untwined lattice in a
symmetrical and definite way

23
Q

is the development of a network
of fine random cracks or fissures on the
surface of concrete or mortar caused by
shrinkage of the surface layer

24
is a failure mechanism that involves the cracking of materials and structural components due to cyclic (or fluctuating) stress
Fatigue
25
is the stress produced by any change in the temperature of the material.
Thermal stress
26
is the deterioration of a material from its initial state due to time
Physical aging
27
is a hygroscopic material, meaning that it will continually trying to achieve an equilibrium conditionwith its environment
Wood
28
or cracking, is one symptom of non-uniform drying, and it is common and typically not structurally significant
Checking
29
is the process by which a substance is altered via photons, especially those found in the wavelengths of the sun’s rays.
Photodegradation
30
can undergo chemical deterioration due to exposure to acids, alkalis, salts, or other corrosive substances, which can result in changes to their composition or structure.
Non-metallic materials
31
melt when heated up and solidify when cooled down.
Thermoplastics
32
Usually causes a pronounced decrease in corrosion rate.
Lowering temperature
33
Often used as a practical method of corrosion control.
Decreasing velocity
34
In modern practice, this is accomplished by vacuum treatment, inert gas sparging, or through the use of oxygen scavengers
Removing oxygen or oxidizers
35
Decreasing corrosive concentration is usually elective
Changing concentration
36
have the ability to be reheated, remolten, and resolified.
thermoplastic coating