Corrosion 3

Question 1

typically refers to the
degradation of metals due to chemical
reactions with their environment,
leading to deterioration and loss of
material.

Answer 1

Corrosion

Question 2

occur when polymers are
exposed to heat above a
specified temperature limit

Answer 2

Chain Scission from Heat

Question 3

is highly
dependent on the molecule structure
whether amorphous or crystalline.
Crystalline are more resistant to
organic substances and solvents
than amorphous polymers

Answer 3

Chemical resistance

Question 4

Physical effects on polymers may lead to

Answer 4

swelling, dissolving or leakage of additives

Question 5

small molecules infiltrate the structure

Answer 5

swelling

Question 6

According to IUPAC, polymers are
substances composed of

Answer 6

macromolecules

Question 7

The most common form of degradation

Answer 7

decrease in polymer chain length

Question 8

the penetration of the
plastic by a corrodent, which causes
softening, swelling, and ultimate failure

Answer 8

Solvation

Question 8

is caused by photons or light-breaking chemical bonds. Light of
any wavelength shorter than the threshold will break a bond, while longer wavelengths cannot
fracture it.

Answer 8

Photochemical degradation

Question 9

is a molecular migration
through microvoids either in the
polymer or between polymer
molecules. This action is strictly a
physicalphenomenon

Answer 9

Permeation

Question 10

can cause softening of the polymer,
introduce high stresses, and cause failure of
the bond on lined component

Answer 10

Swelling

Question 11

is a material that is neither
metallic nor organic. It may be
crystalline, glassy or both crystalline
and glassy

Answer 11

ceramic

Question 12

When compared to steel and plastic polymers,
technical ceramics offer

Answer 12

superior corrosion
resistance

Question 13

they are exceedingly immune
to corrosion by almost all
environments, especially at room
temperature.

Answer 13

Ceramic materials

Question 14

The solid material dissolves directly into the liquid through
dissociation or reaction with the solvent

Answer 14

Direct Dissolution

Question 15

The corrosion process of a solid material by a liquid can
involve the formation of an interface or reaction product
between the solid and the solvent. This reaction product
mayor may not create an attached surface layer.

Answer 15

Indirect Dissolution

Question 16

tend to be soluble in polar solvents (e.g.,
salt in water) and covalent materials tend to be soluble in
nonpolar solvents (e.g., SiC in hexane).

Answer 16

Ionic materials

Question 17

is typically manufactured to
harness the optimal properties of two or more
materials, aiming to enhance overall
performance or capture specific attributes of
each component

Answer 17

composite

Question 18

is highly stable in oxidizing atmospheres up to
1090°C, while boron nitride is stable only up to 850°C

Answer 18

Boron carbide

Question 19

are commonly used in composites for low temperature applications, particularly in polymer matrices for
marine or moist environments.

Answer 19

Glass fibers

Question 20

is defined as a process in which the
object due to applied force changes its size or shape in a
way that is not reversible

Answer 20

Plastic deformation

Question 21

involves the sliding of blocks of crystal
over one another along different crystallographic
planes known as slip planes

Answer 21

slip

Question 22

the portion of
crystals takes up an orientation related to the
orientation of the rest of the untwined lattice in a
symmetrical and definite way

Answer 22

twinning

Question 23

is the development of a network
of fine random cracks or fissures on the
surface of concrete or mortar caused by
shrinkage of the surface layer

Answer 23

Crazing

Question 24

is a failure mechanism that
involves the cracking of materials and
structural components due to cyclic (or
fluctuating) stress

Answer 24

Fatigue

Question 25

is the stress produced by
any change in the temperature of the
material.

Answer 25

Thermal stress

Question 26

is the deterioration of a
material from its initial state due to time

Answer 26

Physical aging

Question 27

is a hygroscopic material, meaning that it will
continually trying to achieve an equilibrium conditionwith
its environment

Answer 27

Wood

Question 28

or cracking, is one symptom of non-uniform
drying, and it is common and typically not structurally
significant

Answer 28

Checking

Question 29

is the process by which
a substance is altered via photons,
especially those found in the wavelengths
of the sun’s rays.

Answer 29

Photodegradation

Question 30

can undergo chemical
deterioration due to exposure to acids, alkalis, salts, or
other corrosive substances, which can result in changes
to their composition or structure.

Answer 30

Non-metallic materials

Question 31

melt when heated up and
solidify when cooled down.

Answer 31

Thermoplastics

Question 32

Usually causes a pronounced decrease in corrosion rate.

Answer 32

Lowering temperature

Question 33

Often used as a practical method of corrosion
control.

Answer 33

Decreasing velocity

Question 34

In modern practice, this is accomplished by vacuum
treatment, inert gas sparging, or through the use of oxygen
scavengers

Answer 34

Removing oxygen or oxidizers

Question 35

Decreasing corrosive concentration is usually elective

Answer 35

Changing concentration

Question 36

have the ability to be
reheated, remolten, and resolified.

Answer 36

thermoplastic coating