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MIDTERMS 2ND SEM > corrosion > Flashcards

corrosion Flashcards

1
Q

generate power by converting chemical energy from a hydrocrabon fuel into heat energy

A

reciprocating and turbine engines

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2
Q

because of the inefficiency of the engine, much of this _____ along with ________ passes out of the engine through the exhaust.

A

heat, energy-rich gases

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3
Q

the gases contain all of the constituents for a potent _____ and because of their elevated ______ corrosion forms extremely rapidly

A

electrolyte, temperature

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4
Q

some of the exhaust trail areas where deposits may be trapped and not reached by normal cleaning methods

A

gaps, seams, hinges, and fairings

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5
Q

exhaust deposit buildup where will be considerably slower and sometimes completely absent from certain aircraft models

A

upper and lower wing, aft fuselage, and in the horizontal tail surfaces

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6
Q

store electrical energy by converting it into chemical energy and are therefore active chemical plants, complete with environment-polluting exhausts

A

batteries

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7
Q

airplanes with this (1) must have their boxes protected by a material that resists corrosion from the (2)

A

lead-acid batteries, sulfuric acid fumes

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8
Q

airplanes with (1) must have their battery areas protected with (2)

A

lead-aced batteries, alkaline-resistant finish

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9
Q

what does the finishes have

A

bitumastic (tar) base, a rubber base, or can be polyurethane finishes

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10
Q

what are highly corrosive to aluminum surfaces

A

organic materials such as food and human waste

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11
Q

food service areas can be troublesome if there is a possibility of _____ getting into cracks under or behind the galley where it cannot be removed.

A

food debris

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12
Q

while food is not corrosive it can ______ which can cause the structure to corrode

A

hold water

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13
Q

no area of an airplane is subjected to as much hard service as the

A

wheel well area

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14
Q

debris from the runway surface is thrown up into this area

A

takeoff and landing

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15
Q

this can be troublesome in the winter when this is used on runways for ice control

A

chemicals

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16
Q

what can remove protective lubricant and coatings

A

abrasion

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17
Q

what can freeze and cause damage

A

water and mud

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18
Q

one of the first places corrosion appears on the surface of an aircraft is

A

along seams and lap joints

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19
Q

what kind of corrosion frequently appears on external skin areas

A

concentration cell corrosion

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20
Q

entrapped in the lap joints

A

water or cleaning solvents

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21
Q

water or cleaning solvents provides an effective

A

electrolyte

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22
Q

what is a common trouble spot where natural sump or collection point for waste hydraulic fluids, water, dirt, loose fasteners, drill chips, and other odds and ends of debris

A

bilge areas

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23
Q

quite often masks small quantities of water which settle to the bottom and set up a hidden potential corrosion cell

A

residual oil

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24
Q

keeping bilge areas free of what will ensure the best protection against corrosion

A

extraneous material, including water and oil

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25
Q

fasteners and areas around these fasteners are trouble spots

A

steel, titanium, cres, and nickel alloy fasteners

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26
Q

fasteners are subject to high operational what

A

loads, moisture intrusion, and dissimilar metal skin corrosion

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27
Q

corrosion of this type of construction (1) is chiefly the result of the entrance and entrapment of what (2)

A

spotwelded skins, moisture or other corrosive agents between layers of the metal

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28
Q

particularly corrosion prone

A

spotwelded assemblies

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29
Q

corrosive attack in spotwelded skins cause what

A

skin buckling or spotweld bulging, and eventually spotweld fracture

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30
Q

prime spots for corrosion due to dissimilar metal contact between the steel pin and aluminum hinge tangs

A

piano-type hinges

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31
Q

piano-type hinges are natural traps for

A

dirt, salt, and moisture

32
Q

piano-type hinges is used on what

A

access doors or plates

33
Q

when do piano-type hinges corrode and freeze

A

closed position between inspections

34
Q

(1) corrosion from this area will result from the entrapment of (2)

A

water entrapment areas, moisture

35
Q

design specification usually requires that the aircraft will have what that can collect moisture and fluids

A

drains

36
Q

constant abrasion by what removes the protective surfaces from engine frontal areas and cooling air vents

A

airborne dirt and dust, bits of gravel from runways and rain

37
Q

radiator coolers, reciprocating engine cylinder fins due to the heat dissipation may not be what

A

painted

38
Q

prime sources of corrosive attack with moist and salt or industrial pollutant-laden air constantly flowing over the surfaces

A

engine frontal areas and cooling air vents

39
Q

may present a corrosion problem whether carbon steel or stainless steel is used

A

control cabled

40
Q

presence of this in the preservative coating is one of the main contributing factors in cable corrosion

A

bare spots

41
Q

how is cable condition determined

A

cleaning the cable assembly, inspection for corrosion, and application of an approved preservative

42
Q

what is required when aluminum torch welding to exclude oxygen

A

flux

43
Q

flux in welded areas may contain what that are extremely corrosive to aluminum

A

lithium chloride, potassium chloride, potassium bisulphide, or potassium flouride

44
Q

use of what in electronic wiring and printed circuit boards makes them a target for corrosion

A

copper, lead, tin, and other materials

45
Q

how are circuit boards protected

A

sealing the wiring and circuit boards with a transparent film which excludes oxygen and moisture

46
Q

meaning of NDT

A

Non-destructive testing

47
Q

NDI

A

Non-destructive inspection

48
Q

NDE

A

Non-destructive evaluation or examination

49
Q

refers to any means of determining the strength and integrity of an object without destroying the object

A

non-destructive desting

50
Q

process of using the eye, either alone or with the help of various aids, as the sensing mechanism to determine the condition of a unit under inspection

A

Visual inspection

51
Q

standalone inspection but it is always an integral part of any NDI procedure

A

visual inspection

52
Q

oldest and most common form of NDI for an aircraft

A

visual inspection

53
Q

how many percent of NDI procedures are accomplished by direct visual methods

A

80

54
Q

how is visual inspection greatly enhanced

A

use of appropriate combinations of magnifyin instruments, borescopes, light sources, video scanners, and other devices.

55
Q

used to reveal surface-breaking cracks in solid, nonporous materials.

A

liquid penetrant inspection

56
Q

most aviation applications involve the use of what in a bulk process in liquid penetrant inspections

A

fluorescent penetrants

57
Q

involves high-frequency sound waves from a transmitting transducer (single or multiple elements) being transmitted into or onto the surface of a part to interrogate the material.

A

ultrasonic inspection

58
Q

what does a typical ultrasonic testing unit consists of

A

pulser/receiver, ultrasonic transducer and a display device

59
Q

is an electronic device capable of generating high-voltage electrical pulses

A

pulser/receiver

60
Q

The voltage from the pulser powers the transducer to create what

A

high-frequency ultrasonic wave energy.

61
Q

two basic ultrasonic inspection techniques

A

pulse-echo inspection and through transmission inspection

62
Q

This process uses a transducer to both transmit and receive the ultrasonic pulse

A

Pulse-Echo Inspection.

63
Q

The pulse-echo ultrasonic response pattern is analyzed on the basis of

A

signal amplitude and separation.

64
Q

This inspection employs two transducers, one to generate and a second to receive the ultrasound

A

Through-Transmission Inspection.

65
Q

what is used to evaluate test results

A

magnitude of the interruption

66
Q

A radiographic inspection uses radiation energy to detect variations in x-ray attenuation in the object under inspection and can detect inclusions, voids, cracks, and changes in geometry or material properties.

A

X-RAY OR RADIOGRAPHIC INSPECTIONS

67
Q

The aviation industry typically uses two types of radiation energy

A

x-rays and gamma rays

68
Q

are produced by electronic generators

A

x-rays

69
Q

are produced by isotope sources

A

gamma rays

70
Q

can be used to inspect most materials for both surface and internal flaws, but the orientation of the flaw and source is critical.

A

A radiographic inspection

71
Q

A two-dimensional image that can be immediately displayed on a viewing screen or television monitor.

A

REAL-TIME RADIOGRAPHY

72
Q

This technique converts unabsorbed radiation into an optical or electronic signal which can be viewed immediately or can be processed with electronic or video equipment.

A

REAL-TIME RADIOGRAPHY

73
Q

a two dimensional latent image from the projected radiation is produced on a sheet of film or paper that has been exposed to the unabsorbed radiation passing through the test piece.

A

film or paper radiography

74
Q

This technique requires subsequent development of the exposed film or paper so that the latent image becomes visible for viewing.

A

film or paper radiography

75
Q

what can be detected and measured via digital radiography

A

-Uniform corrosion
-Erosion corrosion
-Corrosion under insulation (CUI)
-Corrosion under pipe supports
-Welding corrosion

76
Q

Via ultrasonic inspection following defects can be detected:

A

-cracks in the weld zone;
pores;
-lack of fusion in welded joints;
-stratification of weld metal;
-discontinuities and incomplete fusion of weld joints;
-slack metal in the lower zone of the weld;
-areas which are affected by corrosion;
-areas with the mismatch of chemical composition;
-areas with distortion geometric size.

MIDTERMS 2ND SEM (3 decks)

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