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MIDTERMS 2ND SEM > airsys > Flashcards

airsys Flashcards

1
Q

uses a fluid under pressure to drive machinery or move mechanical components.

A

hydraulic system

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2
Q

what consists of the hydraulic system

A

hydraulic fluid and three major mechanical components

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3
Q

what are the three major mechanical components

A

pressure generator or hydraulic pump, hydraulically powered “motor”, system “plumbing”

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4
Q

powers the component concerned

A

hydraulically powered “motor”

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5
Q

which contains and channels the fluid throughout the aircraft as required

A

system “plumbing”

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6
Q

Hydraulic systems were utilized for what on early aircraft.

A

brake systems

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7
Q

Depending upon the aircraft concerned, a single hydraulic system, or two or more hydraulic systems working together, might be used to power any or all of the following components:

A
  • wheel brakes
  • nose wheel steering
  • landing gear retraction/extension
  • flaps and slats
  • thrust reversers
  • spoilers/speed brakes
  • flight control surfaces
  • cargo doors/loading ramps
  • windshield wipers
  • propeller pitch control
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8
Q

what creates the hydraulic power

A

hydraulic fluid is pumped from the reservoir into the rest of the system. The pressurised fluid then passes through valves and flows to the actuator where hydraulic power is converted to mechanical energy to achieve the desired function.

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9
Q

reservoir holds the fluid, which is usually hydraulic oil. It also protects the fluid from getting contaminated, which is critical to ensure the hydraulic system functions optimally.

A

reservoir or tank

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10
Q

the hollow structures that carry the hydraulic fluid from one location to another within the system.

A

piping

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11
Q

force the hydraulic fluid from the reservoir to the rest of the circuit

A

hydraulic pump

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12
Q

process of hydraulic pump

A

creates a vacuum at the pump inlet which forces the fluid from the reservoir into the pump. Next, the pump pushes the fluid to the pump outlet and then forces it into the rest of the hydraulic system.

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13
Q

These pumps have an unchangeable flow rate, so every stroke moves the same amount of fluid. They are good for jobs with a single action that are repeated for long periods. Examples include gear gerotor and screw pumps.

A

fixed displacement pumps

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14
Q

These pumps can change the flow rate of the fluid and outlet pressure. They can power a variety of complex equipment, but they are more expensive and require more attention than fixed displacement pumps. Examples include piston pumps and vane pumps.

A

variable displacement pumps

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15
Q

These pumps are operated manually by the hand and foot.

A

hand or manual hydraulic pumps

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16
Q

An electric motor or other power source is required to make the mechanical elements of the pump work.

A

power source

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17
Q

component which changes the hydraulic power in the fluid into mechanical power to achieve the desired acti

A

hydraulic actuator

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18
Q

two types of actuator

A

hydraulic cylinder and hydraulic motor

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19
Q

creates linear movement (movement in a straight line)

A

hydraulic cylinder

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20
Q

creates torque (a twisting force) and rotation.

A

Hydraulic motor

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21
Q

control the pressure, flow rate and direction of the fluid moving through the circuit. There are many types of valves with specific functions. We will outline the most common below.

A

valves

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22
Q

limit the pressure within the system to protect all the components from damage. It is normally closed, but opens when system pressure exceeds a maximum value.

A

pressure control valves

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23
Q

, flow control valves influence the rate at which the fluid flows throughout the system. This is achieved by decreasing or increasing the diameter of the opening the hydraulic fluid flows through.

A

flow control valves

24
Q

it can stop, start and change the direction of the flow of hydraulic fluid. The simplest of these valves is called a check valve and it allows the hydraulic fluid to flow in one direction, while blocking fluid flow in the other direction.

A

direction control valves

25
Q

prevent the hydraulic system from being contaminated. This is essential to ensure the system works effectively and safely.

A

filters

26
Q

without a filter, what happens?

A

a hydraulic system’s components may wear down quickly and pipes may get blocked.

27
Q

stops any contaminants in the reservoir fluid getting into the rest of the hydraulic system. It is located at the input side of the hydraulic pump

A

suction line filter

28
Q

is the medium via which a hydraulic system transmits its energy and, theoretically, practically any fluid could be utilized.

A

fluid

29
Q

properties of fluid

A

high flash point, adequate viscosity, lubricant properties, thermal capacity/conductivity

30
Q

In the event of a hydraulic leak, fluid ignition should not occur at the normal operating temperatures of the surrounding components

A

high flash point

31
Q

Aircraft hydraulic systems must work efficiently over a broad temperature spectrum. The fluid used must flow easily at very low temperatures but must also maintain adequate viscosity at high temperatures.

A

adequate viscosity

32
Q

The ideal hydraulic fluid

A

have a very low freezing point and a very high boiling point.

33
Q

The hydraulic fluid acts as a lubricant for the pumps, actuators and motors within the system. The fluid should have anti-corrosion properties and be thermally stable

A

lubricant properties

34
Q

Hydraulic fluid acts as a system coolant. The fluid must be able to readily absorb and release heat.

A

Thermal Capacity/Conductivity

35
Q

leading cause of component and system failure

A

Lack of maintenance of hydraulic systems

36
Q

key to the success of any maintenance program whether in hydraulics or any equipment which we need reliability.

A

preventive maintenance

37
Q

which in many cases can cause additional hydraulic component failure when it is not performed to standard.

A

corrective maintenance

38
Q

two areas of concern on proper maintenance on a hydraulic system

A

preventive maintenance and corrective maintenance

39
Q

is any system that uses pressurized air to move something

A

pneumatic system

40
Q

pneumatic systems are used for

A

brakes, opening and closing doors, driving hydraulic pumps, alternators, starters, water injection pumps, etc., operating emergency devices

41
Q

With pneumatics, air is usually pumped into a what and using what

A

receiver using compressor

42
Q

pneumatic device that transfers power (from an electric motor, diesel or gasoline engine, etc.) into potential energy stored in compressed air.

A

air compressor

43
Q

are used in pneumatic systems to prevent damage. They act as pressure limiting units and prevent excessive pressures from bursting lines and blowing out seals.

A

valves

44
Q

also a necessary part of a typical pneumatic system, it controls the release of fluid into the port. The control valve consists of a three-port housing, two poppet valves, and a control lever with two lobes

A

control valves

45
Q

are extremely simple devices yet they serve an important purpose in many pneumatic circuits. Generally used in systems where back flow is not permitted, check valves are two-port valves that allow free flow in one direction and block flow in the opposite direction.

A

chec valves

46
Q

is an air filtration device that eliminates pollutants from compressed air. Pneumatic systems are protected against dirt by means of various types of filters.

A

pneumatic filter

47
Q

consists of a housing with two ports, a replaceable cartridge, and a relief valve.

A

micronic filter

48
Q

Its purpose is to remove any moisture caused by the compressor. always located downstream of the compressor.

A

moisture separator / desiccant

49
Q

A complete moisture separator consists of

A

reservoir, a pressure switch, a dump valve, and a check valve. It may also include a regulator and a relief valve.

50
Q

are incorporated at various locations in a pneumatic system. Their purpose is to absorb any moisture that may collect in the lines and other parts of the system.

A

chemical driers

51
Q

Nitrogen used for emergency landing gear extension is stored in two bottles, one bottle located on each side of the nose wheel well.

A

nitrogen bottles

52
Q

released by actuation of an outlet valve.

A

nitrogen from the bottles

53
Q

usually does not include an air bottle. Instead, it generally draws air from the compressor section of a turbine engine.

A

A medium-pressure pneumatic system (50–150 psi)

54
Q

Many aircraft equipped with reciprocating engines obtain a supply of low- pressure air from vane-type pumps. These pumps are driven by electric motors or by the aircraft engine.

A

low pressure pneumatic system

55
Q

Maintenance of the pneumatic power system consists of

A

servicing, troubleshooting, removal, and installation of components, and operational testing.

MIDTERMS 2ND SEM (3 decks)

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