Correlations

Question 1

Define the term correlation.

Answer 1

It’s a measures the relationship between two variables, and the strength of that relationship. They are plotted on a graph known as a scattergram/scattergraph.

Question 2

Define the term correlation coefficient.

Answer 2

A number between -1 and+1 that represents the direction and strength of a relationship between co-variables.
The closer the coefficient is to +1 or -1 , the stronger the relationship is between the co-variables; the closer to 0 the weaker the relationship.
Coefficients that appear to indicate weak correlations can still be statistically significant - depends on sizeof data set.

Question 3

Define the term descriptive statistics.

Answer 3

Refers to things like:
Graphs
Tables
Summary statistics (e.g., measures of central tendency and dispersion)
Used to identify trends and analyse sets and data.

Question 4

Define the term inferential statistics.

Answer 4

Refers to the use of statistical tests which tell psychologists whether the differences or relationships they found are statistically significant or not.
Helps to decide which hypothesis to accept and which to reject

Question 5

How is a correlation coefficient calculated?

Answer 5

Using statistical test