Correlation

Question 1

What is a correlation?

Answer 1

Illustrates direction of relationship

Between 2 or more variables

Question 2

What is a correlation plotted on?

Answer 2

A scattergram

Question 3

What is a positive correlation?

Answer 3

As 1 variable increases so does the other

E.g. more you age = taller

Question 4

What is a negative correlation?

Answer 4

As 1 increases, other decreases

E.g. the more you exercise, the less risk of heart disease

Question 5

What does it mean if there is no relationship between variables?

Answer 5

It is a zero correlation

Question 6

What are correlation coefficients?

Reference strong, weak etc

Answer 6

Way to measure strength+ direction of relationship

0.8-1= STRONG

0.5-0.8= MILD

0.3-0.5= WEAK

0-0.3= NONE

After 0 same- nagative can be strong etc

Question 7

Explain the difference between correlation + experiment

Answer 7

C= NO IV manip

As intervening will affect V relationship

C= not possible to establish cause + effect

E.g. caffeine may increase anxiety but may be due to personal priblems, stress, personality etc.

Question 8

AO3: STRENGTH of correlations

Answer 8

P: Quick+ cost- effective to carry out

E: as not manipulating variables+ in natural setting

E: meaning it saves more time+ money than experiments

Question 9

AO3: WEAKNESS of correlations

Prompt: no IV manip…

Answer 9

P: lack of IV manip + control= only tells us that Vs are related

E: = its a surface level analysis

E: we can’t establish cause + effect

Question 10

AO3: WEAKNESS of Correlations

Prompt: 3rd variable…

Answer 10

P: 3rd variable problem= untested V affects relationship

E: something affects the correlation

E: relationship caused by unaccounted variable as unaware of it