Corrections

Question 1

Goals of most custodial institutions

Answer 1

• To ensure the safety of the individual (number 1 goal)
• To ensure the safety of the community
• To provide programming opportunities for the rehabilitation of offenders

Question 2

Pre- 1450

Answer 2

Possession by demons - defense ‘I was possessed by a demon’ - cause - due to physical possession by some kind of demon - Response - Remove the demon

Question 3

Pre-historic and 1700s

Answer 3

Trephining - often in frontal lobe/ scapegoat

Question 4

1450 - 1750 (Dark Ages)

Answer 4

Possession by the Devil -Cause- Abnormal behav. believed to be spiritual possession by the devil - Response - ‘Encourage’ the devil to leave - flogging, icewater, burning

Question 5

1750 - 1800

Answer 5

Biological Abnormality and proportional responses era

Question 6

Cause of abnormal behav. during biological abnormality and proportional responses era

Answer 6

Due to some unknown biological cause

Question 7

Response to abnormal behav during biological abnormality and proportional responses era

Answer 7

• e.g ice baths (lower temp) to treat physiological - blood transfusions - frontal lobotomies -

Question 8

1800 - 1850

Answer 8

Institutionalized Era

Question 9

Cause of abnormal behav during institutionalization era

Answer 9

• some uncontrollable cause

Question 10

Response to abnormal behav during institutionalization era

Answer 10

• separation and instituionalization

Question 11

Panopticon Design

Answer 11

Prison design Jeremy Batham - prison guard can see all the prisoners - Roundhouse in Fremantle (1830)

Question 12

1850 - 1900

Answer 12

Medical Era

Question 13

Cause of abnormal behav during medical era

Answer 13

due to medical problem

Question 14

Response to abnormal behav during medical era

Answer 14

operations and medications

Question 15

1900 - 1930

Answer 15

Psychoanalytical Era

Question 16

Cause of abnormal behav in psychoanalytical era

Answer 16

Due to early childhood conflicts and unconscious impulses

Question 17

Reponse to abnormal behav in psychoanalytical era

Answer 17

• Intensive individual therapy (rich criminals)

Question 18

1930 - 1950

Answer 18

Behavioural era

Question 19

Cause of abnormal behav in behavioural era

Answer 19

Due to learning

Question 20

Response to abnormal behav in behavioural era

Answer 20

Behaviourally based treatments (aversion therapy - reconditioning - systematic desensitisation - behaviour mod)

Question 21

Aversion Therapy

Answer 21

Behavioural technique in which the individual is exposed to the stimulus of interest while forced to experience an unpleasant sensation in order to stop the behaviour (clockwork orange)

Question 22

What is aversion therapy based on

Answer 22

classical conditioning (Watson, Pavolv)

Question 23

Key component of aversion therapy

Answer 23

Forming of association between behaviour and unpleasant sensation

Question 24

Early studies of aversion therapy on

Answer 24

rats and alcoholics

Question 25

Antabuse

Answer 25

used to support the treatment of chronic alcoholism by producing an acute sensitivity to alcohol. It blocks the processing of alcohol in the body by inhibiting acetaldehyde dehydrogenase, thus causing an unpleasant reaction when alcohol is consumed.

Question 26

Forensic applications of aversion therapy

Answer 26

Paedophiles - deviant sex offences

Question 27

Behavioural Modification programs

Answer 27

Positive behaviours encouraged through a schedule through the implementation of a schedule of reinforcement (Skinnerian)

Question 28

Behavioural Modification Programs based on

Answer 28

Operant conditioning work of Skinner

Question 29

What is Behavioural Modification also known as

Answer 29

• Token economy

Question 30

Forensic Applications include

Answer 30

• Youth custodial facilities - male and female custodial facilities

Question 31

1950 - 1980

Answer 31

Humanistic Era

Question 32

Cause of abnormal behaviour in humanistic era

Answer 32

Believed to be due to the need for people to self-actualise

Question 33

Response to abnormal behav in humanistic era

Answer 33

Group therapy aimed at impacting empathy, unconditional acceptance and genuineness

Question 34

Forensic Applications of humanistic approach

Answer 34

Therapeutic jurisprudence (law as a therapy) - restorative justice -

Question 35

Cause of abnormal behaviour in cognitive era (1980 - today)

Answer 35

-Due to cognitive thinking style - may be positively impacted through a behavioural based program

Question 36

Cognitive risk factors related to offending

Answer 36

• self control - locus of control - social problem-solving - empathy - recognition of feelings

Question 37

Self-control definition

Answer 37

Degree to which one can successfully cope with potentially negative urges feelings and reactions including - impulsivity - risk-seeking -self-centredness -temper

Question 38

Locus of control

Answer 38

Degree to which you believe that you control your own destiny (Low ext —— high ext)

Question 39

Social Problem Solving

Answer 39

The ability to SUCCESSFULLY IDENTIFY and RESOLVE SOCIALLY based CHALLENGES such as disappointment, frustration etc

Question 40

Empathy

Answer 40

• Ability to GENUINELY UNDERSTAND the SITUATION of ANOTHER

Question 41

Recognition of Feelings

Answer 41

(Emotional Intelligence) - The ability to RECOGNIZE and CONTROL your OWN FEELINGS as well as RECOGNIZE the FEELINGS of OTHERS