Coronary Vascular Disorders - Medical and Therapeutic Management

Question 1

Prevention and Management of Coronary Atherosclerosis

Answer 1

1. Controlling cholesterol abnormalities
2. Promoting cessation of tobacco use
3. Managing hypertension
4. Controlling of diabetes

Question 2

Nursing Interventions - Coronary Atherosclerosis

Answer 2

1. Teach the client the hazard of smoking
2. Encourage dietary programs (low fat, low salt, high in fiber, foods rich in omega-3 fatty acids)

Question 3

Medical Management - Angina Pectoris

Answer 3

1. Restricted activity
2. Pharmaceutical management
3. Weight loss
4. Oxygen therapy during attack
5. Coronary Artery Bypass Graft
6. Percutaneous Transluminal Coronary Angioplasty

Question 4

Pharmaceutical management - Angina Pectoris

Answer 4

1. Nitroglycerin
2. Beta blocking agents (metoprolol)
3. Calcium channel blockers (amlodipine)
4. Antilipidemic (simvastatin)
5. Antiplatelet (ASA)
6. Anticoagulants (heparin)

Question 5

Anginal Management

Answer 5

1. Aspirin, anticoagulant, and oxygen therapy
2. Nitroglycerine
3. Give appropriate diet and weight management
4. Increase patient knowledge
5. Normalize BP
6. Avoid cigarette smoking and control cholesterol and DM
7. Lifestyle change

Question 6

Nursing Interventions - Angina Pectoris

Answer 6

1. Provide physical and mental rest
2. Relieve pain by administration of vasodilators
3. Discourage smoking
4. Health teaching about diet, medications, and activity

Question 7

Medical Management - Myocardial Infarction

Answer 7

1. Morphine sulfate IV to relieve pain and reduce anxiety
2. Bed rest with cardiac precautions to reduce demand of oxygen
3. Oxygen as necessary
4. Cardiac monitoring for continued surveillance of the heart’s electrical activity
5. Frequent monitoring of VS
6. Pharmaceutical Management
7. IV fluids at slow rate to keep vein open for administration of medications
8. Clear liquid diet is prescribed initially to decrease oxygen consumption and then advanced to low sodium

Question 8

MONATAS - Myocardial Infarction

Answer 8

Morphine Sulfate
Oxygen
Nitroglycerin
Aspirin
Thrombolytics
Anticoagulants
Stool softeners

Question 9

Nursing Interventions - Myocardial Infarction

Answer 9

1. Respond to dysrhythmias with defibrillation, cardiac massage, or medications as appropriate
2. Administer analgesics as ordered
3. Administer oxygen as necessary
4. Provide gradual increase in activity
5. Provide emotional support to client and family
6. Reduce anxiety and accept client’s fear
7. FUSHAE
8. Pulse pressure
9. Pulse deficit
10. Mean arterial pressure
11. Avoid sexual activities

Question 10

FUSHAE - Myocardial Infarction

Answer 10

Fatigue
Unfamiliar partners
Stress
Heavy meals
Alcohol intake
Extreme temperature