Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Cardiac > Coronary Artery Disease > Flashcards

Coronary Artery Disease Flashcards

Module 3

1
Q

What are symptoms of carotid stenosis?

A

Focal neurological dysfunction, including TIA, ischemic stroke, etc.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

The vast majority of strokes (80-90%) are

A

Ischemic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

The risk of ischemic stroke is highest among individuals with CAS greater than

A

80%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Ischemic stroke involves neurological deficits that persist longer than

A

24 hours; if <24 hours - TIA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the 1st line diagnostic for CAD?

A

Duplex ultrasound

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the most accurate diagnostic test for CAD?

A

Catheter-based angiography

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are 2 diagnostic tests that could be used in adjunct to US?

A

MRA and CTA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What labs should be ordered when suspecting CAD?

A

CBC (H/H), BMP or CMP (magnesium), lipid panel, coagulation studies, TSH, CRP, BNP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Name 5 differential diagnoses for CAD

A

Carotid artery dissection, valvular heart disease (especially aortic valve stenosis), intracranial arterial stenosis, lacunar stroke, fibromuscular dysplasia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

All patients who present with amaurosis fugax, TIA, or stroke symptoms should undergo which diagnostic test?

A

Non-invasive imaging

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Non-invasive imaging is indicated for patients who present with amaurosis fugax, TIA, or stroke.. but also for patients who present with

A

Carotid bruit, or other non-specific symptoms such as dizziness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What medical management is used in CAD?

A

Aspirin, statins, and management of HTN

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Medical management of CAD can be combined with

A

Carotid revascularization (carotid endarterectomy, CEA), carotid angioplasty, or stenting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the primary cause of death for both men and women in the U.S.?

A

CHD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Microvascular angina is also known as

A

Syndrome X

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What should be considered a working diagnosis while evaluating patients for treatable underlying causes of CAD?

A

Suspected myocardial infarction with non-obstructed coronary arteries (MINOCA)

16
Q

What diagnostic tests can be used to evaluate patients for underlying causes of CAD?

A

MRI, provocative testing, and evaluation for thrombophilia

17
Q

Rather than actual chest pressure, myocardial ischemia can also be experienced as

A

Dyspnea, indigestion, nausea, numbness in the upper extremities, and fatigue

18
Q

Microvascular angina is chest pain that is often

A

Unpredictable and occurring with rest, routine physical activity, or stressful events

19
Q

Vasospastic angina can be present with a history of

A

Spontaneous or unprovoked episodes of typical angina

20
Q

What 4 things are considered in unstable angina and non-STEMI?

A

Nature of symptoms, prior history of CAD, age >65, and number of risk factors present for CAD

21
Q

Consider the timeline of serial cardiac troponin levels

A

Rises 3-12 hours post injury, peaks at 3-4 hours, and normalizes after 14 days

22
Q

What are 2 differential diagnoses for CAD that cover integumentary and chest wall discomfort?

A

Herpes zoster and costochondritis

23
Q

What are differential diagnoses of CAD that cover pulmonary?

A

Pneumonia, pneumothorax, pulmonary embolus, pulmonary hypertension

24
Q

What are differential diagnoses of CAD that cover cardiac?

A

Aortic stenosis, aortic dissection, mitral valve prolapse, pericarditis, Takotsubo cardiomyopathy

25
Q

What are differential diagnoses of CAD that cover GI?

A

Reflux, acute cholecystitis

26
Q

What medications are used in the management of CAD?

A

Aspirin, BBs, nitrates, CCBs, ACEIs, and anticoagulants

27
Q

What medications are used for lipid management in CAD?

A

Statins and PCSK9 inhibitors

28
Q

Which gender presents more often with GI symptoms than classic chest pain in CAD?

A

Women

29
Q

Which patients should be referred to cardiology for management of CAD?

A

Patients with comorbidities

30
Q

When are angina symptoms often present?

A

Days to weeks before the onset of an acute MI

31
Q

If BBs are contraindicated for symptom relief of chronic, stable angina, what is another option?

A

CCBs

32
Q

ACEIs or ARBs should be used for patients with

A

<40% LVEF and those with DM, HTN, or CKD

Cardiac (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions