Corneal Disorders

Question 1

Red Flags in eye

Answer 1

Reduction of visual acuity
Severe deep eye pain (NOT just an irritation)
Ciliary flush: A pattern of injection in which the redness is MOST pronounced in a ring at the limbus (the limbus is the transition zone between the cornea and the sclera)
Photophobia
Severe foreign body sensation that prevents the patient from keeping the eye open
Corneal opacity
Fixed pupil
Severe headache with nausea

Question 2

Keratoconus

Answer 2

A degenerative disorder of the eye in which structural changes within the cornea cause it to thin and change to a more conical shape than its normal gradual curve.

Question 3

Keratoconus presentation

Answer 3

Substantial distortion of vision
Photophobia.
Typically diagnosed in the patient’s adolescent years.
If both eyes, patients may have difficulty with driving or reading.

Question 4

Corneal Abrasion Treatment

Answer 4

Most corneal abrasions heal REGARDLESS OF THERAPY in 24 to 72 hours
Patching?
Topical antibiotics: Ointment over a drop!
Follow up every 24 Hours!

Question 5

What NOT to Rx in corneal abrasion patients

Answer 5

Topical anesthetics!!! Also:
**Aminoglycosides should be avoided since they can be toxic to the epithelium. Steroids are contraindicated; they slow epithelial healing and reduce host resistance to superinfection.

Question 6

keratitis

Answer 6

Inflammation of the cornea

usually due to contact lens wearers

Question 7

Herpes Simplex Keratitis

Answer 7

Dendritic, branching ulcer is most characteristic

Tx. with topical antivirals

Question 8

Fungal Keratitis

Answer 8

Tends to occur after injury from plant material (the tree branch in the eye routine) or agricultural settings

Question 9

Acanthamoeba Keratitis

Answer 9

amoeba in eyeball…from water, soil, air, etc.

Question 10

Herpes Zoster Opthalmicus

Answer 10

Herpes Zoster often involves the ophthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve (5)