Corn and Callus Management Flashcards
What is a Corn
Inverted cone of Hyperkeratinised tissue pushed into the skin.
They are Parakeratotic menaing they have abnormally matured retaining their nuclei
What is the Atiology of a corn
- Typically caused by repeated mechanical stress
- Bony Prominence (Foot Deformity)
- Ill fitting footwear
- High levels of physcial activity
Pathology of Corn
- Corns develop in reponse to mechanical stress
- This stress causes accelerated Keratinisation (differentiation of keratinocytes) and a reduced rate of desqumation resulting in the increased thickness of the stratum corneum
- This process is reffered to as Hyperkeratinisation and is considered the bodies response to preventing further damage to deeper tissue by spreading the load over a larger area/volume of skin
What is Heloma Durum
- Hard corn
- Normally occur over bony prominences and plantar aspect of the foot (MET heads)
- Sometimes covered with callus
- Dark yellow appearance
What Is Heloma Molle
- Soft Corn
- Interdigital commonly between 4th and 5th digit
- Macerated white appearance
- Mistken for Athletes foot (Tinea Pedis)
Aetiology = As normal as well as Hyperhydrosis and Digital deformities
What is Heloma Millare
- Seed Corns
- Single or cluster of corns
- Can present as Asymptematic
- Normaly occur on the periphary of weight bearing areas
What are Vascular and Neurovascular corns
- Corn with intrusion from vascularised dermal tissue and nerve involvement
- Painful on direct pressure
- Can be mistaken for scar or Verucae
Aetiology = As normal + Deep mechanical stress usually shear
What are Fibrous Corns
- Long standing corn with presence of fiborous tissue in the dermis
- Can lead to more fibrosis (thickening/scaring)
Aetiology = Excessive deep shearing
Intermitant compression
How can we reduce pain in patients with corn callus
- Padding
- Orthotics
- Debridement
- Emolients
- Moors Disc
- Patient Education
What is a Durlachers corn
a hard corn on the lateral border of the 5th toe nail
hyperkeratotic and can be mistaken for nail
Erythema pernio
Vasopastic condition
abnormal response to cold
Can be cyanotic inflammatory
Tinea Pedis
- Athletes foot/fungal infection of the foot
- Casued mainly by Tricophyton rubrum
- Can be interdigital or on the plantar surface
Verrucae Pedis
Caused by HPV virus
Termed as plantar warts
Features black dots reffered to as Thrombosed Pappilae
