Core knowledge - Component 1 - River features and flooding

Question 1

What is a meander?

Answer 1

Bend in a river

Question 2

On a meander where is the fastest flow?

Answer 2

Outside of the bend

Question 3

On a meander where does deposition occur?

Answer 3

Inside of the bend

Question 4

Is a river cliff likely to form on the outside or the inside of a meander?

Answer 4

Outside

Question 5

Where is the hard rock located on a waterfall?

Answer 5

On top

Question 6

Where is the soft rock located on a waterfall?

Answer 6

Underneath

Question 7

How is a plunge pool formed?

Answer 7

Force of water hitting rock

Question 8

What is the ledge of hard rock called on a waterfall?

Answer 8

Overhang

Question 9

When a waterfall retreats (goes backwards) it forms a ______

Answer 9

Gorge

Question 10

What named example of a waterfall have we studied?

Answer 10

Niagara Falls

Question 11

What two ways have people used waterfalls?

Answer 11

Tourism, Hydroelectric Power

Question 12

What is the flat area next to a river called?

Answer 12

Floodplain

Question 13

What is the Bluff line?

Answer 13

Edge of a floodplain

Question 14

What is the key process that forms a floodplain?

Answer 14

Deposition

Question 15

Levees are banks made of deposited material, true or false?

Answer 15

True

Question 16

Levees are only naturally made, true or false?

Answer 16

False

Question 17

What word is used for water flowing over the surface of the land?

Answer 17

Overland flow

Question 18

What word is used for water flowing into the soil?

Answer 18

Infiltration

Question 19

What word is used when there is too much water in the soil and it cannot take any more?

Answer 19

Saturation

Question 20

Give the 4 natural causes of flooding.

Answer 20

• Prolonged rainfall (raining for a long time)
• Heavy rainfall
• Steep relief (steep slopes)
• Impermeable geology (rocks that don’t allow water to sink through it)

Question 21

Give 2 man made (human) causes of flooding.

Answer 21

• Deforestation (chopping down trees)

- Urbanisation (Buildings)