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Core Content 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Name three properties of a ferrous metal

A

Contain iron
Rust
Magnetic

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2
Q

Give three examples of ferrous metals and a property for each

A

Mild steel - strong
Stainless steel - lightweight
Cast iron - durable

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3
Q

Describe three properties of non-ferrous metals

A

Doesn’t contain iron
Doesn’t rust
Usually not magnetic

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4
Q

Give three examples of non ferrous metals and their properties

A

Aluminium
Copper
Tin
All conductors

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5
Q

Define an alloy

A

Metal that is mixed or combined together with another substance to improve its qualities
(E.g. stronger, harder, lighter, rust resistant)

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6
Q

Give three examples of alloy eagles and what they are made from

A 
Brass = copper zinc
Bronze = copper tin
Pewter = tin antimony copper
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7
Q

Define a polymer

A

Very large chain like molecule made up of monomers

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8
Q

Name the two types of polymers

A

Thermo polymers

Thermosetting polymers

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9
Q

Give some properties of thermo polymers

A 
Soften when heated
Can be moulded
Harden once cooled
Can be reheated
Good plastic memory
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10
Q

Give three examples of examples of thermo polymers and their properties

A 
PET = strong, water proof 
Acrylic = brittle but hard
ABS = impact resistant, easy to clean
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11
Q

Give some properties of thermo setting polymers

A

Chemical change when heated
Become hard when cooled
Can’t be reheated
Bad plastic memory

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12
Q

Give three examples of thermosetting polymers and their properties

A

Silicone = insulator, durable
Polyester resin = strong, waterproof
Epoxy resin = strong, cheap

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13
Q

Describe woven fabrics and give some examples

A 
Made on manual automated looms 
Warp and weft yarns 
Warp = vertical
Weft = horizontal 
Corduroy, cotton, satin
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14
Q

Describe non-woven fabrics and give some examples

A

Lack strength
Bonded using pressure and heat or adhesives
Lose strength once wet
Felted fabric = heated, added moisture, friction
Used for surgical masks/gowns, wet wipes, tea bags, nappies

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15
Q

What is glass reinforced plastic and what is it used for

A

Polyester resin with fibre glass
Like a polymer but stronger
Used for boats and car bodies

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16
Q

What is carbon fibre and what’s it used for

A

Polyester resin with carbon fibres
Even stronger and lightweight that GRP
Used for helmets and bikes

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17
Q

What is Kevlar and what is it used for

A

Plastic woven in
Stronger and lighter than carbon fibre
Used for bulletproof vests

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18
Q

What are laminates and what are they used for

A

Layers of different materials
Improve strength, durability and water resistance, warp resistant, cheaper than timber, bigger boards
Used for waterproof jackets

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19
Q

Name 5 types of paper

A

Layout, copier, cartridge, bleedproof, sugar

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20
Q

Properties and uses of card

A

180-300gsm, wide range of colours/finishes/sizes, thin easy to fold/cut/print
Greetings cards

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21
Q

Properties and uses of cardboard

A

300 microns+, inexpensive, easily printed on, different sizes/surfaces/finishes
Cereal boxes, sandwich packets

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22
Q

Properties and uses of corrugated cardboard

A

3000 microns+, strong, lightweight, hard to bend, insulating

Pizza boxes

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23
Q

Properties and uses of board sheet

A

1400+ microns, rigid, smooth, different colours

Picture frame mounts, architectural modelling

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24
Q

Give three examples of laminated layers

A

Foam board
Styrofoam
Corriflute

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25
Q

Properties and uses of foam board

A

5000 microns, lightweight, range of colours/sizes/thicknesses, rigid, insulating
Modelling

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26
Q

Properties and uses of styrofoam

A

Range of sizes/thickness, string, lightweight, water resistant, insulator
Wall insulation

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27
Q

Properties and uses of corriflute

A

Range of colours/sizes, rigid, lightweight, waterproof

Signs, packaging

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28
Q

Name three types of wood

A

Hardwoods
Softwoods
Manufactured boards

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29
Q

Properties and examples of hardwood

A

Deciduous trees, expensive, more durable, finishes well

Oak, mahogany, beech, ash

30
Q

Properties and examples of softwoods

A

Coniferous trees, cheaper, less durable/strong, quicker to grow
Pine, cedar, spruce

31
Q

Properties and examples of manufactured boards

A

Layered sheets of soft and hard woods

Plywood, MDF, chipboard, block board

32
Q

Names four types of fibres

A

Natural fibres
Synthetic fibres
Mixed fibres
Blended fibres

33
Q

Properties and examples of natural fibres

A

Found and sourced from plants and animals

Cotton, wool, silk

34
Q

Properties and examples of synthetic materials

A

Man made from petrochemicals

Polyester, acrylic, nylon

35
Q

Properties of mixed and blended fibres

A

Yarns of different fibres added together during production, mixed for aesthetics (lustre, colour)

36
Q

Mixed/blended fabric example

A

Poly cotton

Polyester and cotton, strength, breathability, absorbency, crease resistance, cheaper

37
Q

Properties of knitted fabrics

A

Rows of interlocking loops/stitches
Weft- horizontal
Warp- vertical

38
Q

Properties of polymorph

A

Polymer granules, 60°c water, melted, can be moulded, reheat using water/hairdryer

39
Q

Properties of Teflon

A

Non-stick coating, paints, cookware, carpets

40
Q

Properties of Lenticular plastic sheet

A

Smooth on one side, small lenses on the other, 2D image, visual illusions

41
Q

Properties of flexiply

A

Plywood, very flexible/bendable

42
Q

Properties of precious metal clay

A

99% gold/silver, 1% clay, shaped at room temperature, kiln to harden
Used to make jewellery

43
Q

Properties of conductive polymers

A

Plastic that conducts electricity

44
Q

Properties of shape memory alloy

A

Remembers original shape when deformed, returns when heated, spectacle frames, cooling vents

45
Q

Properties of shape memory polymers

A

Programmed to remember original shape when heated

46
Q

Properties of thermochromic sheet

A

Liquid Crystal ink, changes colours above 27°c

Toys, jewellery, temperature indicators

47
Q

Properties of thermochromic pigments

A

Novelty mugs, reveal design when heat is added

Add to polymers, plastics react to heat, drink stirrers, baby sooons, temperature warning/indicator

48
Q

Properties of photochromic materials

A

React to light, spectacles, turn dark in bright sun

49
Q

Properties of self healing materials

A

Detract and repair damage done, embedded capsules, release adhesives
Bio concrete, bacteria reacts with water to form limestone

50
Q

Properties and uses of nomex

A

Heat/flame resistant
Racing driver/firemen/astronaut clothing
Oven gloves
Fire resistant insulation

51
Q

Properties and uses of Kevlar

A 
Resistant to abrasion, sharp objects
Stab/bullet proof vests, police/armed forces
Motorcycles clothing
Tyres
Butcher/fishmonger gloves
52
Q

Properties and uses of coolmax

A

Wicks water away from body, increase breathability

Bedding, sportswear, uniforms, underwear

53
Q

Properties and uses of fastskin

A

Mimics shark skin, streamlining in water

Sportswear/swimwear

54
Q

Density

A

g/cm3 = mass/volume

Metals denser than styrofoam

55
Q

Strength/tenacity

A

Ability to withstand forces
Compressive: withstand compression
Tensile: withstand tension
Yield: withstand forces before being permanently changed
Impact: withstand sudden forces
Composite materials, high tensile, low compressive

56
Q

Hardness

A

Resistant to pressure
Scratch, indentation, rebound
Carbon steel
Usually high hardness = high brittleness

57
Q

Durability

A

Ability to withstand wear/damage

58
Q

Strength to weight ratio:

A

Strength compared to weight

High ratio = strong but lightweight (aircrafts, carbon/glass fibre, polymers)

59
Q

Stiffness

A

Rigidity
Ceramics, glass, steel, high rigidity
Polymers, foam, rubber, low rigidity

60
Q

Elasticity

A

Ability to return to original shape after extension force

Elastic band

61
Q

Impact resistance

A

Ability to withstand shock applied over a short time period

Polymers, rubber, nylon, mild steel (softer metal)

62
Q

Plasticity

A

Ability to permanently change shape whe force is applied

Sheet steel

63
Q

Ductility and malleability
Examples
Conditions that change it

A 
D- How easy it is to deform without breaking
M- When rolled into a sheet
Soft metals (lead), polymers
Temperature and application change properties
64
Q

Brittleness

A

How easily a material breaks when bent or impacted
Shatter/break rather than bend
Opposite of ductility
Decrease temperature, increase brittleness
Metals (iron/aluminium)

65
Q

Corrosive resistance

A

Susceptibility to degradation from the elements
Rust- ferrous metals, oxygen and moisture
Timber- hardwood, resistant, softwood, rot
Polymer- UV light, oxygen and chlorine, swell/break

66
Q

Water resistance

A

Ability to resist ingress of water
Polymers (rubber, PVC)
Coat other materials (clothing, boats, footballs)

67
Q

Absorbency

A

Ability to absorb moisture

Cotton, linen, wool, cardboard

68
Q

Flammability

A

Ability to burn/ignite
Timbers, polymers, fabrics, papers, boards
Metals not flammable

69
Q

Electrical conductivity + examples

A

How easy it is for electricity to flow through
Metals- good
Wood/rubber- bad

70
Q

Magnetic properties

A

Forces attract/repulse each other
Metals containing iron/nickel/cobalt/magnetite
Ferro-magnetic, artificial magnetism, fades over time

71
Q

Thermal conductivity

A

Thermal fabrics, acrylic, viscose, jackets, cool bags, ironing boards
Metals, good, used in radiators
Heat resistance- styrofoam, softwoods, porous materials

DT (5 decks)

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