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History > Core 6 > Flashcards

Core 6 Flashcards

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1
Q

When was Churchill’s iron curtain speech?

A

5th March 1946

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2
Q

When did the Hungarian uprising occur

A

1956

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3
Q

What were the casualties of the Hungarian uprising

A

Approx 3,000 killed
12,000 arrested
450 executed

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4
Q

What was the Warsaw Pact?

A

A military treaty linking the Eastern European communist countries to the Soviet Union

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5
Q

How did Russia repress Hungary

A

Censorship, secret police (the AVH) and controls of what schools taught

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6
Q

How did the communist party treat religion in Hungary

A

It was banned as ‘dangerous propaganda’

Cardinal Joseph Mindszenty was arrested, totured and put in prison

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7
Q

What was the state of Hungary economically in 1956

A

They were very poor after ww2 and needed to rebuild but most of their recourses went to Russia instead- living standards dropped substantially

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8
Q

When did Stalin die

A

1953

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9
Q

Who replaced Stalin as the leader of the Soviet Union

A

Nikita Khrushchev

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10
Q

What factors encouraged the Hungarian people to rebel in 1956

A

They thought the United nations or America would get involved (Eisenhower was president)
Stalin had dies in 1953 and Khrushchev seemed less brutal
June 1956 polish uprising - Russia had given in to some of their demands

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11
Q

Who was president of America in 1956

A

Eisenhower

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12
Q

What happened on the 23rd of October 1956

A

Students brought down a statue of Stalin

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13
Q

What happened on the 24th October 1956 in Hungary

A

In response to demonstrations, Russian troops were sent to stop protests
Tanks stationed outside parliament buildings
Soldiers guarding key bridges and crossroads

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14
Q

Who was the prime minister of the communist party in Hungary in 1956

A

Imre Nage

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15
Q

What happened in Hungary on the 25th October 1956

A

Protestors took control of running the country

Politicians loyal to Russia had to flee

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16
Q

When did Khrushchev agree to Nage’s reforms and retract troops from Budapest

A

28th October 1956

17
Q

What happened between the 29th of October and 4th of November 1956

A

The new Hungarian government introduced democracy, freedom of speech and religion, they released political prisoners and announced they were leaving the Warsaw Pact

18
Q

What did the new Hungarian government do in november 1956

A

They introduced democracy, freedom of speech and religion, they released political prisoners and announced they were leaving the Warsaw Pact, Nage also appealed to the UN for help in resolving the conflict

19
Q

How did Russia react to the new government of Hungary in November 1956

A

4th November- open thousand Russian tanks moved in on Budapest, seizing its airfields, highway junctions and bridges

20
Q

Who wa instated as tge new leader of Hungary after Nage

A

Janos kadar

21
Q

When did the ‘Prague Spring’ in Czechoslovakia begin

A

1968

22
Q

What reforms were proposed by Alexander Dubcek in Hungary

A

Abolition of censorship in media (reports on corruption etc were allowed)
Freedom of speech
The creation of workers councils in industry
Increased rights for trade unions
Rights for farmers to own independent farms separate from the state
Recognition of Slovak national identity and customs
Freedom of movement for all people

23
Q

What did Czekoslovakia not intend to do so that they could avoid intervention from the USSR

A

Change its foreign policy, leaving the Warsaw Pact or, ending its alliance with the USSR

24
Q

Who was the leader of the communist party in Czechoslovakia in 1968

A

Alexander Dubcek

25
Q

Why did the Soviet Union ask permission to send the red army to Czechoslovakia in 1968

A

They announced that there was evidence that Germany was planning an invasion Sudetenland and said Czechoslovakia needed protection

26
Q

What was the Brezhnev doctrine

A

It was a Soviet foreign policy that stated communist countries should be mindful of how their actions impacted other communist states

27
Q

What were the 2 main principles of the Brezhnev Doctrine

A

A one party system in each country

All countries had to remain members of the Warsaw Pact

28
Q

What would happen if the terms of the Warsaw Pact were not adhered to

A

The USSR would use military force to re-establish control

29
Q

When was Dubcek replaced

A

April 1969

30
Q

When did Brezhnev lead the Soviet Union

A

1964-1982

31
Q

When was Mikhail Gorbachev leader of the Soviet Union

A

1985-1991

32
Q

What were the similarities in Hungary and Czechoslovakia in terms of causes for uprising

A

Both countries had a long term resentment of Soviet rule

33
Q

What were the differences between C and H in terms of causes

A

Hungary was affected by external factors and the rebellion in Poland inspired them to act
Czechoslovakia was affected by internal issues such as economic depression and desire for political change

34
Q

How was C and H similar in the aims of rebels

A

Both wanted to give their people more rights and lessen the control of the state

35
Q

How did C and H differ in terms of aims of rebels

A

Hungary wanted to withdraw from the Warsaw Pact and soviet influence, Czechoslovakia did not

36
Q

When was the Berlin Wall built

A

13th august 1961

37
Q

How did the actions of the people differ in Hungary and Czechoslovakia

A

Czechoslovakia was encouraged by their leaders changes

Hungarian people acted before their leaders

38
Q

What was similar about the reason the SU intervened in H+C

A

SU was very suspicious and afraid that ideas of rebellion would spread and lessen their sphere of influence

History (6 decks)

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