Core 2 - CQ1 Flashcards
How do the musculoskeletal and cardiorespiratory systems of the body influence and respond to movement
The 5 major purpose of the skeletal system
- The provide structure and posture
- Protect vital organs
- Produces red blood cells
- Stores minerals
- Movement
What are the different parts of the spine
- Cervical (7)
- Thoracic (12)
- Lumbar (5)
The 4 main types of bones
- Flat
- Long
- Short
- Irregular
What are the 3 types of joints
- Immovable (Skull)
- Slightly moveable (Cartilage)
- Freely moveable (Synovial Joints)
What are the 5 synovial joints (Freely moveable)
- Ball and socket
- Saddle (carpals+metacarpals)
- Hinge (Lever)
- Condyloid (Jaw+finger)
- Gliding (Wrist)
Structure of the Synovial Joints
Ligament (Bone to Bone)
Tendons (Muscle to Bone)
Synovial Fluid (Lubricate)
Hayline Cartilage (Shock absorber)
List the Joints actions (10)
Flexion/Extension
Adduction/Abduction
Rotation/Circumduction
Dorsiflexion/Plantar flexion
Supernation/Pronation
What consists in the Muscular System
Origin (Close to body)
Insertion (Away from body)
Palpation (Feeling your muscles)
What is the muscle relationship
Agonist (Main muscle which contracts)
Antagonist (Muscle which relaxes and lengthens)
What are Isotonics
Concentric (Contracts)
Eccentric (Lengthens under tension)
Isometric (No movement)
What is the Respiratory System
When the body takes in oxygen, removes carbon dioxide and uses 02 to free energy from foods where gaseous exchange happens
Nasal Cavity
Is located in the nose and contains hair which filters foreign things from entering the body
Pharynx
A lever located in the throat which keeps food/ air in the right spot
Larynx
The voice box
Trachea
Is a flexible windpipe which expels dust + foreign particles and divides into bronchi
Bronchi
Divides into bronchioles where there are the alveol
Alveol
They are air sack where gas exchange occurs
What happens during Inpiration
As air enters the lungs, chest increase in volume and diaphragm contracts decreasing air pressure
What happens during Expiration
Air moves out the lungs the volume decreases equalising the air pressure inside and out
What is the circulatory System
A NETWORK that distributes 02 blood + nutrients and collects waste as it transports materials around the body. Provides the immune system + clotting materials and regulates body temp
Roles of Red blood cells
Carries 02+C02 around the body and Haemoglobin (Iron+protein)
Roles of White blood cells
Protects+ Immunity
Phagocytes: Engulf bateria
Lymphoctyes: Produces antibodies
Roles of Platelets
Produces clotting substances and prevents harmful blood loss when vessel is damaged
What does the Heart do
Circulates blood byt contracting rhythmically through the cardiac cycle (Diastole: filling, Systole: pumping)
Describe the cycle
Deoxygenated blood into the heart (Vena cava) to Right atrium to ventricle into the lungs (Pulmonary artery). Gaseous exchange in the lungs. Now the oxygenated blood back to the hear (Pulmonary vein) into the left atrium and ventricle, out into the body (Aorta) to assist in energy production. In the body, 02 into muscles, C02 back into blood cells
