COR 013 Flashcards by Rhaevin Meg Hitosis Casil

Consist of two or more people who interact with one another (through different ways) and who
recognizesthemselves as distinct social unit (Giddens. 1993).

SOCIAL GROUP

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interaction
Shared purpose
same interest

SOCIAL GROUP

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Is a small social group whose members share personal and lasting relationship.

PRIMARY GROUP

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Members of the primary spend a great deal time together, engage in a wide range of activities and
leisure time together, and feel that they know one another well. In short, they show real concern for one another.

PRIMARY GROUP

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It plays a significant role in an individual’s development. Relationships are formed in primary groups are
often long-lasting and goals in themselves. They also are often psychologically comforting to the individuals involved and provide a source of support.

PRIMARY GROUP

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examples of primary

FAMILY
FRIENDS
LOVE RELATIONSHIP

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 spend a significant amount of time together, allowing the members to support, comfort, and
encourage one another. are connected for a lifetime and are significant to each member’s personal growth.

FAMILY

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They often spend a lot of time experiencing different adventure together, chatting about personal
stories and simply enjoying each- other’s company.

FRIENDS

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first brought together as a result of mutual physical and emotional
attraction. They spend a significant amount of time together, whether that involves learning about one another or collectively sharing new experience

LOVE RELATIONSHIP

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Concern for one another, shared activities and culture, and long periods of time spent together. Members share intimate and personal relationships, often serving as a support and comfort to those involved. T

PRIMARY GROUP

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Are large cluster of people who have a mutually shared purpose, often aiming to complete tasks. They
are much less likely to be an influence to an individual’s identity. It sometimes involves weak emotional and interpersonal ties compared to the primary group.

SECONDARY GROUP

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They interact on a less personal level than in a primary group, and their relationships are temporary. It
established to perform function; people’s role is more interchangeable compared to primary group. They are based on interests and activities.

SECONDARY GROUP

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A classroom consists of students and a teacher, in which the teacher is in charge of creating a structure
and environment that help the students learn. Much less of being emotional with each other.

SCHOOL/CLASS

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The goal of the structured environment in the workplace IS to fulfill a predetermined assignment.

WORKPLACE OR PLACE OF EMPLOYMENT

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Personal and intimate relationship
2. Face to face communication
3. Strong sense of loyalty
4. Permanence
5. Small in size
6. Informality and traditional and non-rational decision-making

PRIMARY

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Communication is in direct
Duration is temporary
Group cohesiveness is weak and are based on self-interest.
Decision are based on rationality and rules
Structure is formal
6.Group boundaries

SECONDARY

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People in groups create boundaries to maintain a distinction between the

 “we” of the group and the “they” outside the group.

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people who are considered part of a certain group

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who do not belong to a certain group, to describe the „we” and the “they” feelings,

THEY

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groups to which a person belongs. They consist of people in whose presence the person feels
comfortable and with whom he or she shares common experiences.

IN GROUP

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They have the “we” feeling for they are similar in certain ways, such as in being poor, being rich, being a Tagalog and other social variable.

IN GROUP

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groups to which a person does not belong. If you are a member of a club, those who are not
members are out-groups.

OUT GROUP

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Individuals do not belong due to differences with which they do not identify. In other words, out-groups are “they” group. The out-group includes those people who are excluded when we use the word “we”.

OUT GROUP

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is a group to which we compare ourselves. It serves as a standard to which we measure our behaviors and attitudes. This group are used in order to guide our behavior and attitudes and help us to identify social norms.

REFERENCE GROUPS

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this groups are used in order to evaluate and determine the nature of a given individuals or other group's characteristics and sociological attributes. It acts as a frame of reference if an individual wants to be part of the norms of the group.

REFERENCE GROUPS

used as the frame of references for evaluating one's own behavior.

REFERENCE GROUPS

serve as referring points of individuals, towards which they were oriented and which influences their opinion, tendency and behavior. Group to which an individual or another group is compared.

REFERENCE GROUPS

It is based on the groups shared interests and goals. Members react on a personal level. Examples are family and friends

INFORMAL REFERENCE GROUPS

Have a specific goal or mission. Examples are Employee Union.

FORMAL REFERENCE GROUPS

Groups that are in agreement with in regards to attitude, norms, and behaviors.

MEMBERSHIP REFERENCE GROUPS

Group we do not agree with in regards to attitude, norms, and behaviors.

DISCLAIMART REFERENCE GRCUPS

A group of individuals doesn't belong to but aspires to become a part of it in the future.

ASPIRATIONAL REFERENCE GROUPS

A group an individual doesn't belong to and disapproves of in regards to attitudes, norms, and behaviors.

DISSOCIATIVE REFERENCE GROUPS

An individual's scope, or total set of relationship with others. Indicates the ways in which they are connected through various social familiarities ranging from casual acquaintances to close familial bonds.

SOCIAL NET

A map of all of the relevant ties between the individuals within and beyond society. Is a theoretical construct useful in the social sciences to study relationships between individuals, groups, organizations, or even entire societies, It is a social structure exists between actors (individuals and organization)

SOCIAL NET

Smallest level of analysis of social networks. It explains that a social network typically starts with an individual.

MICRO

social relationship starts with two individuals,

DYADIC LEVEL

* social relationship starts with three individuals.

TRIADIC LEVEL

*the smallest unit of analysis in a social network is an individual in their social setting

ACTOR LEVEL

*may focus on distance and reachability, cliques, cohesive subgroups, or other group actions or behaviors.

SUBSET LEVEL

This level of analysis begins with a population size that falls between the micro and macro-levels.

MESO

*group of people that has distributive tasks for a collective goal.

ORGANIZATION

*a network whose degree, distribution follows a power law, at least asymptotical.

SCALE FREE NETWORK

Generally, traces the outcomes of interactions, such as economic or other resource transfer interactions over a large population

MACRO

Used to measure the degree of closeness or acceptance we feel toward other group. While most often used with reference to racial groups.

SOCIAL DISTANCE

defined as an area surrounding an individual, regarded and valued as private, inaccessible to the others without causing some sort of discomfort (Sommer 1969, Hayduk 1983).

PERSONAL SPACE

about 18 inches from the body - for lovemaking, comforting and protecting.

INTIMATE DISTANCE

from 18 inches 10 4 feet - for friends, acquaintances and ordinary conversations.

PERSONAL DISTANCE

from 4 feet to 12 feet - for impersonal or formal relationships such as in a workplace.

SOCIAL DISTANCE

beyond 12 feet - for even more formal relationship such as public speakers from the general public.

PUBLIC DISTANCE

The "web of social relationships", humans form as part of a family, which is the smallest unit of society. It is the relation between two or more persons that is based on common ancestry or marriage.

KINSHIP

special contract of permanent union between a man and a woman entered into in accordance with law for the establishment of conjugal and family life.

MARRIAGE

consists of one or more people who live in the same dwelling and also share at meals or living accommodation, and may consist of a single family or some other grouping of people.

HOUSEHOLD

Links individuals based on their genetic relations, It allows an individual to identify another individual as a family member through blood relation. It is also known as kinship by consanguinity. (Examples: Parents and their children and between children of same parents.)

KINSHIP BY BLOOD

family that traces its ancestry from the paternal or father's side.

PATRILINEAL

b) family that traces its ancestry from the maternal or mother's side.

MATRILINEAL

c)family that traces its ancestry from both paternal and maternal side.

BILINEAL

When a person marries, he establishes relationship not only with the girl whom he marries but also with a number of other people in the girl's family.

KINSHIP BY MARRIAGE

Marriage in which there is only one wife and one husband at a time.

MONOGAMY

- Any form of marriage in which a person may have more than one spouse at a time.

POLYGAMY

A form of marriage in which one woman may have more than one husband at a time.

POLYANDRY

A form of marriage in which a man may have more than one wife at a time.

POLYGYNY

Wherein the family unit consists of multiple husbands and multiple wives.

GROUP MARRIAGE

It is a rule of marriage in which the life-partners are to be selected within the group and the group may be caste, class, tribe, race, village, religious group etc.

ENDOGAMY

It is a rule of marriage in which an individual has to marry outside his own group. It prohibits marrying within the group. The so-called blood relatives shall neither have marital connections nor sexual contacts among themselves.

EXOGAMY

Is a privileged social relationship established by ritual, such as that of Godparents or fraternal orders

KINSHIP BY RITUAL

A very famous ritual kinship

COMPADRAZGO

are relationship between the parents and godparents of a child is an important bond that originates when a child is baptized in Iberian and Latin American families.

COMPADRES

Types of families and their forms are based on various parameters. The types of family in sociology, have been classified as per world norms and not only India.

FAMILY AND HOUSEHOLD

a family unit that consists of a single couple or monogamous family, that is - the husband, wife and their child or children.

NUCLEAR FAMILY

a family unit that consists of the husband and wife with their children, and their relatives like in-lew (grandparents, uncle, and aunty, cousins,, nice, nephews).

EXTENDED FAMILY

a family unit that consists of one or both parents who have a child or children from a previous relationship or past marriage, but they have combined to form a new family often after a death of a previous spouse, or marital separation, annulment, or divorce.

RECONSTITUTED FAMILY

a family unit which is headed by one parent (either father or mother only) raising a child or children.

SINGLE PARENT FAMILY

the son stays and the daughters leavns, so that the married couple lives with or near the husband's parents

PATRILOCAL RESIDENCE

the daughter stays and the son leaves, so that the married couple live or near the wife's parents.

MATRILOCAL RESIDENCE

either the son or the daughter leaves, so that the married couple lives with or near either the wife's or the husband's parents.

FAMILY AND BIOLOGICAL RESIDENCE

From the Greek term oikos, meaning "house" and nomos, meaning custom/law, etymologically speaking economics means "rules of the house" It is the science that deals with the factors that determine the production, w33distribution and consumption of goods and services. An economic system must define what to produce, how to produce it and for whom to produced it.

ECONOMIC

company or an organization that deals with money or with managing the distribution of money, goods, and services in an economy. It is also well-established arrangements and structures that are part of the culture or society.

ECONOMICS

Goods and services are based and produced by traditions and customs. These types of economies tend to consume most of what they produce (production mainly by hand) and sell or trade the rest. This type of economy will often evolve into another type of economy once the nation or country has developed.

TRADITIONAL ECONOMY

The government controls all economic activity. One example of a command economy is communism. In a government-directed economy, the market plays little to no role in production decisions. less flexible than market economies and react slower to changes in consumer purchasing patters and fluctuations in supply and demand

COMMAND ECONOMY

combines qualities of market and command systems into one. In many countries where neither the government nor the business entities can maintain the economy alone, both sectors are integral to economic success. Certain resources are allocated through the market and others through the state.

MIXED ECONOMY

The resources are owned and controlled by the people of the economy. Based on consumers and their buying decisions rather than under government control.  trends and product popularity generate what businesses produce. The producers choose how to make products based on the most economically sound decision: that might mean machine labor to save costs or human labor for specific skills.

MARKET

When you give something away, you expect something in return. This economic process entails the exchange of commodities between parties, often on an individual basis.

RECIPROCITY

When resources from an individual or organization are given to one another with no expectation of return, an economic transfer is in place. This type of economic process allows for the redistribution of resources within an economic system.

TRANSFERS

When the resources of one, several individuals, or groups are collected and distributed proportionally or equally to participating members.

REDISTRIBUTION

 is referred to as the exchange of goods and services that involves buying and selling processes. However, it is not a simple process of exchanging materials, goods, and services. It involves several elements and transactions.  is about making money, capital, income, and growth.

MARKET TRANSACTIONS

affect the political and economic path of a society. They are organizations with sufficient power to influence and cause a change even though they do not belong to any established institution of a state. They are equally capable of influencing policy formation and implementation. Non-state institutions include the following: banks and corporations, cooperatives and trade unions.

NON-STATE

behavior that sacrifices one's own production, fitness or interests for the welfare of others. It involves the unselfish concern for other people by simply doing things not because of an obligation but out of a desire to help.

ALTRUISM

organizations that hold money belonging to others, investing and lending it to get more money, or the building in which the organization is situated

BANKS

associations of individuals, created by law or under authority of law, having a continuous existence independent of the existence of its members, and powers and liabilities distinct from those of its members.

CORPORATIONS

jointly owned enterprise engaging in the production or distribution of goods or the supplying of services, operated by its members for their mutual benefit, typically organized by consumers or farmers.

COOPERATIVES

organizations made up of members (a membership-based organization) and its membership must be made up mainly of workers. One of a main aims is to protect and advance the interests of its members in the workplace.

TRADE UNIONS

groups promote causes, principled ideas, and norms, and they often involve individuals advocating policy changes. They cater to the needs related to human rights, consumers' rights, women's' rights, international peace, and environmental issues.

TRANSNATIONAL ADVOCACY

It involves your ability to form satisfying interpersonal relationships with others. It also relates to your ability to adapt comfortably to different social situations and act appropriately in a variety of settings. Relationships should include strong communication skills, empathy for others and a sense of accountability. In contrast, traits like being withdrawn, vindictive or selfish can have a negative impact on your social health.

SOCIAL HEALTH

from Southeast Asia it is a condition in which abnormal behaviors result from a person experiencing shock. When surprised, the affected person typically engages in such behaviors as screaming, cursing, dancing type movements, and uncontrollable laughter.

LATAH

referred to as simply amok, also spelled amuk, from the Malay language, is "an episode of sudden mass assault against people or objects usually by a single individual following a period of depression or loneliness.

RUNNING AMOK

culture-specific syndrome in which an individual has an overpowering belief that his or her genitalia are retracting and will disappear, despite the lack of any true longstanding changes to the genitals.

KORO

culture bound disorder formerly of the Algonquian tribes of North America which involves an intense craving for human flesh even when the other food sources are readily available.

WENDIGO PSYCHOSIS