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Question 1

What are the two hormones that are synthesized in the posterior pituitary?

Answer 1

ADH

Oxytocin

Question 2

What are the neurosecretory cells that project from the paraventricular nucleus and the Supraoptic nucleus down the infundibulum?

Answer 2

The Hypothalamo hypophyseal tracts

Question 3

What are the cell bodies of the paraventricular and supraoptic nuclei called?

Answer 3

magnocellular

Question 4

Where do the axons of the SON and PVN terminate in the neurohypophysis and what other cell type is present?

Answer 4

They terminate in the pars nervosa

Other cell type: Pituicytes are present (glial-like cells)

Question 5

What is the function of pituicytes?

Answer 5

They are support cells that aid in the storage and secretion of ADH and oxytocin

Question 6

How does the synthesis of ADH and oxytocin take place?

Answer 6

ADH and oxytocin are synthesized as preprohormones (Hormone-neurophysin-glycopeptide-Signal)

As soon as the mRNA for the preprohormones is translated, the signal gets cleaved in the ER, leaving us with a prohormone (Hormone-neurophysin-glycopeptide)

The prohormone travels to the golgi where it is seperated further into its 3 different parts