Coping Flashcards
Primary control coping strategies
meant to be done in response to stressors that you yourself can control.
ex. studying a lot for a test.
Secondary control coping strategies
meant to be used in response to uncontrollable stressors
ex. kids exposed to wars or natural disasters. no tools to pull yourself out of it. so you change yourself to adapt to the stressor
Coping Circumplex Model
Organizes coping strategies into 8 categories along 4 dimensions
What are the 4 dimensions of the coping circumplex model
- Problem solving
- Problem avoidance
- Positive emotional coping
- Negative emotional coping
circumplex model: efficiency
P+ and E+
trying to solve the problem + trying to make yourself feel better in response to stressor
circumplex model: helplessness
P- and E-
avoiding the problem + ruminating on negative emotions
circumplex model: preoccupation with the porblem
P+ and E-
desperate to do smtg in raminative way
circumplex model: hedonic disengagement
P- and E+
avoidance the problem, doing things that help you feel good, feels good in the moment but does not fix the stressor
variability in how people cope: the case of marissa franco, “you know you would have been a slave 100 yards ago right?”. How did she cope?
- suppressed her own emotions for social harmony
-give up her identity to maintain thee relationship
variability in how people cope: the case of kevin nadal, police telling him “you’re gonna keep being pulled over if you keep that flag on your car”. How does he cope now?
- uses support network to heal and move forward
- not internalizing things (like I’m to blame, it’s my fault) but EXTERNALIZING “that has nothing to do with me, and everything to do with them”
variability in how people cope: the case of Linda Juang, the song laughing at Chinese and Japanese, her being discriminated at school and now seeing her children face discrimination too
- new emotions now that she sees that happen with her children. mort hurt
- connecting with others who experience discrimination as well
- reading books, hearing stories of others
What is culturally embedded coping?
Set of learned behaviours that has a shared meaning among members of a racial/ethnic cultural group
What does culturally embedded coping DO NOT MEAN
Does not mean that only members of X or Y group use a strategy and others don’t.
It means more that the type of coping has a specific meaning in a certain group
What is radical hope?
- key identity-consistent coping factor among people of color
- a sense of agency to change things for the greater good, a belief that one can fight for justice and that the fight will not be futile
What are the 2 dimensions of the framework of radical hope?
- Faith and agency (idea that positive change is possible + feeling like you can have an impact)
- Collective memory (passing down stories, history of group, struggles and victories, help inform to move ahead and cope, and create positive social change at the same time)
4 parts of radical hope
- Understanding History of Oppression & Resistance
- Ancestral Pride
- Envisioning possibilities
- Meaning and Purpose (seeing your contribution as meaningful)
John-Henryism situation
- steel-driving man, beat the machine, then died from mental and physical exhaustion
- the idea that high effort coping over the years + difficult life situation = damage to cardiovascular system, which can lead to high blood pressure, heart attacks, strokes
What do John Henryism and striving (very high effort coping) have in common
the same idea of “I’m going to get things done, persevere, keep going at the cost of everything else”
John Henryism is used to study coping in black population, other minority groups use the term “striving” more
What is the interaction between discrimination and john henryism coping
the positive association between racial discrimination and diastolic blood pressure was stronger for those higher in John Henryism coping
throwing fuel on the fire: using john henryism makes the link between discrimination and diastolic blood pressure even stronger
What is the achievement/health paradox
-A phenomenon caused by striving/JH and social conditions that lead to striving.
-Structural racism, oppression, chronic stress, and scarcity of resources lead to the socialization of a striving-high-effort coping mentality.
-That behavioral style leads to academic achievement in children, but also in worse mental health, allostatic load, which leads to health disparities
What is perseverative cognition
How often and for how long do you still think about past racist event + how much do you think about it when you don’t mean to
Study on moderating effect of perseverative cognition found that:
-if have low levels of perseverative cognition, discrimination leads to more depressive symptoms
-if have average to high perseverative cognition, discrimin. was not associated with more depressive symptoms
WHY??
people in the sample are probably engaging in more growth-oriented reflection (vs avoidance reflection), which leads them to problem solve and to come out with a positive mindset, which protects against depressive symptoms
Study on moderating effect of BLM activism, discrimination on depressive symptoms
- discrimination only associated with depressive symptoms when support of BLM movement was low
- when BLM support is medium or high, discrimination is not associated with depression. protective!!!
True or false: participants did more confrontative coping, less problem-solving , more avoidance, and more rumination when faced with racialized stressors vs non -racialized stressors (less adaptive strategies compared with general stressors)
True
