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Exercise Referral > COPD AND ASTHMA > Flashcards

COPD AND ASTHMA Flashcards

1
Q

What drugs are SABAs?

A

Short acting bronchodilators

Beta-2 agonists:
Salbutamol
Terbutaline

Anticholinergic inhalers:
Ipratropium

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2
Q

When are SABAs used?

A

COPD AND ASTHMA

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3
Q

How do SABAs work?

A

3-6 hour relief via medication directly into lungs dilating airways and preventing hyperinflation of lungs

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4
Q

How do SABAs Beta-2 agonists work?

A

Act on Beta-2 adrenergic receptors causing bronchial passages to dilate

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5
Q

How do SABAs anticholinergic inhalers work?

A

Inhibit parasympathetic nerve impulses relaxing muscle tissue and reducing spasm. They also reduce mucus production

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6
Q

Side effects of SABAs and LABAs?

A

Beta-2 agonists:

  • nausea
  • tachycardia
  • tremor
  • palpitations
  • muscle cramps

Anticholinergic Inhalers:

  • dry mouth
  • metallic taste
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7
Q

Exercise considerations for SABAs?

A 
Beta-2 agonists:
Tachycardia
Tremor
Palpitations
Muscle cramps

Anticholinergic Inhalers:
Tachycardia
Atrial fibrillation

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8
Q

LABAs

A

Beta-2 agonists
Formoterol
Salmeterol

Anticholinergic Inhalers
Tiotropium

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9
Q

When are LABAs used?

A

COPD AND ASTHMA

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10
Q

How do LABAs work?

A

As per SABAs except they last for 12-24 hours and are taken daily or twice daily (morning and evening)

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11
Q

Side effects of LABAs?

A 
Beta-2 agonists:
Nausea
Tachycardia
Tremor
Palpitations
Muscle cramps

Anticholinergic Inhalers
Dry mouth
Metallic taste

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12
Q

Exercise considerations of LABAs

A
  • exercise capacity and tolerance significantly improved
  • breathlessness reduced
  • as above (SABAs) for other direct considerations:
B2A
Tachycardia 
Tremor 
Palpitations 
Muscle cramps

AI
Tachycardia
Atrial fibrillation

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13
Q

Steroid Inhalers drugs?

A

Beclometasone
Budesonide
Fluticasone

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14
Q

When are Steroid Inhalers used?

A

Severe COPD
Asthma
Pulmonary
Fibrosis

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15
Q

How steroid inhalers work?

A

Reduce inflammation in the airways

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16
Q

Side effects of steroid inhalers?

A
  • Osteoporosis
  • Muscle wastage, atrophy of respiratory muscles
  • pain and tenderness
  • GI Ulcers
  • Weight gain
  • Bruising
17
Q

Steroid inhalers exercise considerations?

A
  • increased risk of fracture

- muscle wastage and respiratory muscle atrophy

18
Q

Oral corticosteroids names?

A

Prednisolone

19
Q

When is oral corticosteroid used?

A
  • severe COPD
  • asthma
  • pulmonary fibrosis
  • flare up (severe cases of wheezing or breathlessness)
20
Q

How does prednisolone work?

A

Reduce inflammation in the airways

21
Q

Side effects of oral corticosteroids? (Prednisolone)

A
  • Osteoporosis
  • Muscle wastage, atrophy of respiratory muscles
  • pain and tenderness
  • GI Ulcers
  • Weight gain
  • Bruising
22
Q

Exercise considerations of oral corticosteroids?

A
  • increased risk of fracture

- muscle wastage and respiratory muscle atrophy

23
Q

What is LOT?

A

Long-term Oxygen Therapy

24
Q

When is LOT used?

A

Severe COPD

25
Q

How does LOT work?

A

Long-term oxygen therapy works by 15-24 hours per day usage. Increases levels of oxygen in the blood.

26
Q

Exercise considerations of LOT?

A

All co-morbidities associated with COPD.

27
Q

Side effects of LOT?

A

NA

28
Q

What is short-term oxygen therapy?

A

Ambulatory oxygen therapy

29
Q

When is ambulatory oxygen therapy (short term) used?

A

Severe COPD

30
Q

How does ambulatory oxygen therapy work?

A

Short-term therapy provided during heavy exercise or physical activity.

31
Q

Side effects of ambulatory oxygen therapy?

A

NA

32
Q

Exercise considerations of ambulatory oxygen therapy?

A

All co-morbidities associated with COPD.

33
Q

What drug reduces sensitivity to allergens?

A

Omalizumab (Xolair)

34
Q

When is Omalizumab used?

A

Severe persistent allergic asthma (unstable)

35
Q

How does Omalizumab work?

A

Reduces inflammation by binding to proteins involved in immune response which lowers the chance of an immune reaction. Injected every 2-4 weeks.

36
Q

Side effects of Omalizumab?

A
  • Skin irritation
  • Headaches
  • Muscle pains
37
Q

Exercise considerations of Omalizumab?

A
  • Dizziness
  • Muscle soreness
  • Joint Pain
  • Fatigue

Exercise Referral (2 decks)

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