COPD

Question 1

Definition

Answer 1

Chronic, irreversible obstruction of airflow that is usually progressive and characterized by persistent symptoms

Question 2

Bronchodilators

Answer 2

B2adrenergic agonists and anticholinergic ag- increase airflow, alleviate symptoms and decrease exacerbations
LABA and LAMA- first line treatment
1/day indacaterol, olodaterol, vilanterol
2/day arformoterol, formoterol, salmeterol
LAMA- aclidinium, tiotropium, glycopyrrolate, umeclidinium

Question 3

Corticosteroids

Answer 3

ICS+LABA- may improve symptoms
Not recommended for long term treatment-risk of pneumonia

Question 4

Other agents

Answer 4

Roflumilast- Oral phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitor used to reduce exacerbations in severe COPD
Reduce inflammation, not a bronchodilator

Question 5

Corticosteroids

Answer 5

Beclomethasone, budesonide, fluticasone, ciclesonide, mometasone and triamcinolone (3-36h)
AE nasal irritation, nosebleed, sore throat and candidiasis