coordination compounds Flashcards
moleculare compounds
2 or more simple salt combined together in a fixed proportion by their WEIGHT
DOUBLE SALT
dissociate into ions completely when dissolved in water
e.g: potash alum. karnalite , mohrs salt
complex compounds
it doesn’t dissociate into ions completely when dissolvwd in water
WERNERS THEORY OF CC
- Metals have two types of links (valences) in coordination compounds: primary and secondary
- Negative ions satisfy the primary valances, which are generally ionisable
- Secondary valences cannot be ionised. Neutral molecules or negative ions satisfy these needs. For a metal, the secondary valence is equal to the coordination number and is constant
- Ions/groups coupled to the metal by secondary connections have distinct spatial configurations that correspond to different coordination numbers
Coordination entity
a CMA/i BOUNDED TO A FIXED NO. OF IONS OR MOLECULES
CMA/I
LIGAND
CMA also reffered to as LEWIS ACID
- the atom which has fixed no. of atoms or molecule bounded to it in a definite geometric arrangements
- the ions or molecules bounded to the CMA/i
UNIDENTATE
AND EXAMPLE
WHEN ligand is bounded to CMA/i through **single donor atom **
Cl, H2O, NH3
DIDENTATE
AND EXAMPLE
WHEN ligand is bounded to CMA/i THROUGH two donor atom
en or C2O42-
ethane - 1,2- diammine
POLYDENTATE AND EXAMPLE
WHEN LIGAND is bounded to CMA/i thru more than 2 donor atom
EDTA4-
ethylenediamminetetraacetate
hexadendate
2 N2 and 4O2
CHELATE LIGAND
chelate ring
WHEN di or polydendate ligand uses 2 or more donor atoms to bind to the CMA/I simultaneously
if they form ring
chelate ring = cordination no, - 1
DENTICITY
No, of ligating grp
AMBIDENDATE LIGAND
LIGETES
Ligand which have 2 different donor atom and either one of the 2 ligetes in the complex
e.g: 1. NO2
M<-ON=O or M<-NO2
NITRITO-O AND NITRITO-N
2. SCN
M<-SCN or M<-NCS
THIOCYANATO -S AND THIOCYANATO - N
COORDINATION NO.
THE NO. of ligands directly attached to the CMA/i
find the CN of:
- [PtCl6]^2-
- [Ni(NH3)4]+2
- [Fe(C2O4)3]3-
- [Co(en)3]3+
C2O42- and en are didendate
CN= denditicity * ligands
- 6
- 4
- 6
- 6
ONLY SIGMA BONDS
COORDINATION SPHERE
COUNTER ION
the CMA/ion and the ligand attached to it are enclosed in a square bracket
the ionisable group written outside the brackett
COORDINATION POLYHEDRON
THE spatial arrangement of ligands which are directly bounded to the CMA/i
name the spatial arrangement of the following
- [Ni(Co)4]
- PtCl4
- [Co (NH3)6]
3 most common spatial arrangement
- tetrahedral
- square planar
- octahedral
HOMOLEPTIC AND EXAMPLE
WHEN THE metal is bounded to only one kind of donor grp
[Co(NH3)6]3+
HETEROLEPTIC AND EXAMPLE
COMPLEXES IN WHICH METAL IS bounded to more than one kind of donor grp
[Co(NH3)4Cl2]+
Write the formulas for the following coordination compounds:
(i)Tetraamminediaquacobalt(IlI) chloride
(ii)Potassium tetracyanidonickelate(II)
(iii)Tris(ethanp-1,2-diamine) chromium(III) chloride
(iv)Amminebromidochloridonitrito-N- platinatc(II)
(v)Dichloridobis(ethane-l ,2-diamine) platinum (IV) nitrate
(vi)Iron(III)hexacyanidoferrate(II)
- [Co(NH3)4(H20)]Cl2
- K2[Ni(CN)4]
- [Cr(en)3]Cl3
- [Pt(NH3)BrClNO2]-
- [Pt Cl2(en)2] (NO3)2
- Fe4[Fe(CN)6]3
Write IUPAC names of following co-ordination compounds :
(a) [CO(NH3)6]Cl3
(b) [CO(NH3)Cl]Cl2
(C) K3[Fe(CN)6]
(d) [K3[Fe(C2O4)3]
(e) K2[PdCl4]
(f) [Pt(NH3)2ClNH2CH3]Cl
(a) hexaamminecobalt (III) chloride
(b) pentaamminechloridocobalt (III) chloride
(c) potassium hexacyanoferrate (III)
(d) potassium trioxalatoferrate (III)
(e) potassium tetrachloridoplatinum (II)
(f) diamminechlorido (methylamine) platinum(II) chloride.
Using IUPAC norms, write the formulae for the following :
(a) tetrahydroxozincate(II)
(b) hexaammineplatinum (TV)
(c) potassiumtetrachloridopalladate(II)
(d) tetrabromidocuprate (II)
(e) hexaaminecobalt(III) sulphate
(f) potassiumtetracyanonicklate (II)
(g) potassiumtrioxalatochromate(III)
(h) pentaamminenitrito-O-cobalt(III)
(i) diamminedichloridoplatinum(II)
(j) pentaamminenitrito-N-cobalt (III).
(a) [Zn(OH)4]2-
(b) [Pt(NH3)6]4+
(c) K2[PdCl4]
(d) [Cu(Br)4]2-
(e) [CO(NH3)6]2 (SO4)3
(f) K2[Ni(CN)4]
(g) K3 [Cr(OX)3]
(h) [CO(NH3)5ONO]2+
(i) [Pt(NH3)2Cl2]
(j) [CO(NH3)5NO2]2+.
Using IUPAC norms write the systematic names of the following:
(i) [Co(NH3)6]CI3,
(ii)[Pt(NH3)2CI (NH2CH3)] Cl
(iii) [Ti(H20)6]3+
(iv) [Co(NH3)4Cl(N02)]CI
(v)|Mn(H20)6]2+
(vi)[NiCl4]2-
(vii)[Ni(NH3)6]CI2
(viii)[Co(en)3]3+
(ix) [Ni(CO)4]
(i) Hexaammine cobalt (III) chloride.
(ii) Diammine chlorido (methylamine) platinum (II) chloride.
(iii) Hexaaquatitanium (III) ion.
(iv) Tetraammine chlorido nitrito-N-cobalt (IV) chloride.
(v)Hexaaquamanganese (II) ion.
(vi)Tetrachloridonickelate (II) ion.
(vii)Hexaammine nickel (II) chloride.
(viii)Tris (ethane -1,2-diamine) cobalt (III) ion.
(ix) Tetra carbonyl nickel (0).
Linkage isomerism And EXAMPLE
- ARISES IN coordination compound containing AMBIDENTATE LIGAND
[Co(NH3)5 (NO2)]Cl2
obtained in red form when nitrite ligand is bound thru OXYGEN
obtained in yellow form when nitrite ligand is bound thru NITROGEN