cooperation

Question 1

Cooperation: definition

Answer 1

behaviour that
- benefits another individual (recipient)
- has been selected because of benefit

Question 2

The problems with cooperation

Answer 2

tragedy of the commons

prisoners dilemma

Question 3

tragedy of the commons

Answer 3

all contribute to common pool of resources and all benefit from it

mutation happens in one that now only takes

by avoiding costs, mutation becomes more successful, will quickly spread

Question 4

four hypotheses for cooperation

Answer 4

kin selection
by-product benefits
enforcement
reciprocity

Question 5

Kin selection

Answer 5

gene will spread when it leaves more copies of itself in the next generation
- doesn’t have to come from you, relatives also carry the gene
with a probability called relatednes

hamiltons rule

long tailed tits

Question 6

Kin discrimination

Answer 6

cooperation is directed towards relatives (different ways of recognizing your relatives)

Question 7

Limited dispersal

Answer 7

keeping relatives together
Cooperate with the ones around you, as you’re probably related

Question 8

By-product benefits

Answer 8

Group augmentation in meerkats

Question 9

Policing in workers

Answer 9

Female workers can lay their own
eggs (only males)

Sisters are more related to their
brothers than their nephews

They will remove the eggs from their
sisters

Question 10

Conditions for Reciprocity

Answer 10

1) Repeated interactions

2) benefit of receiving aid outweighs cost of donating

3) Individuals adjust their help depending on the help received previously

4) no simpler explanation for the cooperation