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Theory and Methods 110 > Convergence > Flashcards

Convergence Flashcards

1
Q

LR6SO4 all other EOMs 3

A

What CNs innervates the EOMs?

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2
Q

Convergence

A

The function, whereby the eyes turn in to maintain single vision

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3
Q

Fusion meter angles

A

Total amount of turning in of two eyes to fixate at a distance (dioptric stimulus)

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4
Q

Inter pupillary distance

A

Distance between the two eyes

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5
Q

Amplitude of convergence

A

What is the prism diopter stimulus to converge?

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6
Q

Reciprocal of distance x PD in cm

A

How do you calculate the stimulus to converge?

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7
Q

Duction

A

What is a monocular eye movement called?

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8
Q

Version

A

What is the parallel movement of both eyes called?

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9
Q

Vergence

A

What is the non parallel movement of both eyes called?

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10
Q

Adduction

A

Movement of the line of sight of one eye toward the body’s midline

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11
Q

Abduction

A

Movement of the line of sight of one eye away from the body’s midline

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12
Q

Supraduction

A

Movement of the line of sight of one eye above the straight ahead position/primary gaze

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13
Q

Infraduction

A

Movement of the line of sight of one eye below primary gaze

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14
Q

Dextroversion

A

Parallel movement of both eyes to the right

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15
Q

Levoversion

A

Parallel movement of both eyes to the left

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16
Q

Supraversion

A

Parallel movement of both eyes upward

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17
Q

Infraversion

A

Parallel movement of both eyes downward

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18
Q

Convergence

A

Movement of lines of sight toward the body’s midline or towards each other

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19
Q

Divergence

A

Movement of lines of sight away from the body’s midline or away from each other

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20
Q

Fusional vergence

A

Convergence movement with no associated change in accommodation

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21
Q

PFV

A

What type of fusional vergence does an exophore use?

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22
Q

NFV

A

What type of fusional vergence does an esophore use?

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23
Q

Phoria

A

What is it called when the lines of sight meet at the same point, after any tendency has been overcome?

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24
Q

Orthophoria

A

Two eyes converge directly on the target with no tendency to turn in or out, up or down

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25
Exophoria
The tendency of the two eyes to turn out for a target; this tendency is overcome by positive fusional vergence
26
Esophoria
The tendency of the two eyes to turn in for a target; this tendency is overcome by negative fusional vergence
27
Hyperphoria
The tendency of one eye to look above the other; this tendency is overcome by vertical fusional vergence
28
Strabismus
A deviation of one eye relative to the other; aka tropical, squint, or strab
29
Exotropia
The deviation of one eye out
30
Esotropia
The deviation of one eye in
31
Hypertropia
The deviation of one eye up
32
Hypotropia
The deviation of one eye down
33
Biocular
A strabismus renders a patient _____; when not seeing double, 1 eye is suppressed
34
Fusion
The images seen by two eyes being coordinated into one image cortically aka in the brain
35
Suppression
Cutting off vision in one eye cortically because fusion is not possible
36
Stereopsis
Depth perception; highest level of binocular vision
37
Monocular
Only one functional eye or only one of the two eyes seeing
38
Biocular
Each eye focusing on an object but two images are not fused; the patient sees double vision
39
Binocular
The ability of the two eyes to focus on one object and fuse the two images into one
40
Tonic position
The position of the two eyes at far point with no stimulus to accommodation or convergence; the physiological position of rest measured at far point
41
Proximal convergence
Or psychic convergence; vergence brought about due to the awareness of the nearness of an object
42
Fusional vergence
Vergence movement with no associated change in accommodation
43
Anatomical position of rest
When all innervation to the extraocular muscles has been removed, in deep anesthesia or death; the eyes are usually up and out
44
Prims
What deviates light toward the base and an image toward the apex?
45
BI prism
_____ moves the target further away from the patient no matter who you are
46
BO prims
_____ moves the target closer to the patient no matter who you are
47
BI prism
Exophores are corrected/neutralized with ___
48
PFV
When exophores are given BI prism, this causes patients to use less ___
49
BO prism
Exophores are made worse by the addition of ____
50
BO prism
Exophores are corrected/neutralized by ___
51
NFV
The addition of BO prism to exophores causes the patient to use less ____
52
BI prism
Esophores are made worse by the addition of ____
53
Punctum remotum (convergence)
The position of the lines of sight when fusion is removed during far point fixation with accommodation relaxed; position of tonic convergence; the distance from which eyes have to move located on the z axis
54
Punctum proxiumum
The closest point at which the patient can maintain single binocular vision; determined by performing the near point of convergence
55
Amplitude of convergence
The prism dioptric difference between the PR and PP of convergence
56
Accommodative convergence/Accommodation
The amount of accommodative convergence change per diopter change in accommodation (ratio) assume 6/1 if not given
57
Accommodative convergence is stimulated
When accommodation is stimulated...
58
Artificial exophore
Addition of plus lenses to an orthophore results in a ____, if plus lenses relax accommodation
59
Artificial esophore
The addition of minus lenses to an orthophore results in a _____, if minus lenses stimulate accommodation
60
Plus lenses
Treat an esophore with ____ lenses
61
Minus lenses
Treat an exophore with ____ lenses

Theory and Methods 110 (8 decks)

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