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Introduction To Computing > Controlling the Computer > Flashcards

Controlling the Computer Flashcards

1
Q

System for describing computation
System of signs to communicate a task/algorithm to a computer, causing the task to be performed
To communicate with computers

A

Programming Languages

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2
Q

Low-level programming language
Represented by 0s and 1s (binary digits)

A

MACHINE LANGUAGE

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3
Q

To write 120 in the computer system its representation is 1111000. So it is very difficult to learn.
To overcome this problem, the __________ ________ is invented

A

Assembly language

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4
Q

More than low level and less than high-level language (such as C, C++, Java, Python, etc)
Intermediary language
Use numbers, symbols, and abbreviations

A

Assembly Language

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5
Q

What symbols does Assembly Language use for Addition, Subtraction, and Multiplication?

A

It uses symbols likes Add, Sub, and Mul, etc.

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6
Q

A device that changes a sentence from one language to another w/o change of meaning

A

TRANSLATOR

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7
Q

A program that translates between programming languages

A

COMPILER

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8
Q

Compilation

A

COMPILER

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9
Q

Can only be created if there are no syntax errors

A

ASSEMBLY (INTERMEDIATE)

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10
Q

Abstract machine (program)
Translates Assembly Machine to Machine Language
Creates executable code

A

ASSEMBLER

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11
Q

Ready for execution

A

MACHINE CODE

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12
Q

Form

A

Syntax

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13
Q

Meaning

A

Semantics

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14
Q

Creating system applications (Windows and Linux use a lot of C programming)
Can also be used to create games, graphics, and apps that use lots of calculations
- printf(“Hello, World!”);

A

C

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15
Q

Good for general use, such as web applications
Many areas of specialisation
Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning
- print(‘Hello, world!’)

A

PYTHON

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16
Q

‘Write once, run anywhere’
Has many different uses

A

Java

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17
Q

Main uses of Java

A
  • Business software
  • Web applications
  • Mobile apps
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18
Q

What language does Google’s Android OS use as its native language?

A

Java

19
Q

Identify the programming language:
class HelloWorld {
public static void main(String[] args) {
System.out.println(“Hello, World!”);
}
}

A

Java

20
Q

Language used to write code that runs in web browsers
Wide range of applications
Useful for making webpages responsive and interactive
Often used alongside HTML and CSS to add things like animations, video players, browser-based video games.

A

JAVASCRIPT

21
Q

console.log(‘Hello World’);

A

JAVASCRIPT

22
Q

Can be used for game dev., server-side programming, web dev., creating web forms, mobile applications, etc.
Has been used to develop Windows 8 and 10

A

C#

23
Q

namespace HelloWorld {
class Hello {
static void Main(string[] args) {
System.Console.WriteLine(“Hello
World!”);
}
}
}

A

C#

24
Q

Mainly used to communicate with databases
Used by server developers, database administrators, software developers
Used in area such as data analysis and big data mining

A

SQL

25
Q

BEGIN
dbms_output.put_line (‘Hello
World..’);
END;

A

SQL

26
Q

Mostly used for website development
Manage dynamic content and databases on a website (integrates well with database languages)

A

PHP

27
Q

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html>
<body>
<h1>My first PHP page</h1>

</body>
</html>

A

PHP

28
Q

Set of programs that controls the computer hardware and acts an interface with application programs

A

OPERATING SYSTEM (OS)

29
Q

Operating System Functions

A
  1. USER INTERFACE AND INPUT/OUTPUT MANAGEMENT
  2. HARDWARE INDEPENDENCE
  3. MEMORY MANAGEMENT
  4. PROCESSING TASK
  5. NETWORKING CAPABILITY
  6. ACCESS TO SYSTEM RESOURCES AND SECURITY
  7. FILE MANAGEMENT
30
Q

Allows individuals to access and command the computer system

A

User Interface

31
Q

Requires that text commands be given to the computer to perform basic activities

A

Command-based user interface

32
Q

Uses icons and menus displayed on screen to send commands to the computer system

A

Graphical user interface (GUI)

33
Q

Allows applications to make use of the operating system.

A

Application program interface (API)

34
Q

Control how memory is accessed and maximize available memory and storage

A

MEMORY MANAGEMENT

35
Q

More than one program can run at the same time

A

Multitasking

36
Q

allows more than one person to use a computer system at the same time

A

Time-sharing

37
Q

ability of the computer to handle an increasing number of concurrent users smoothly

A

Scalability

38
Q

Features and capabilities of the OS that aid users in connecting to a computer network

A

NETWORKING CAPABILITY

39
Q

Protection against unauthorized access
Logins and passwords

A

ACCESS TO SYSTEM RESOURCES AND SECURITY

40
Q

Ensures that files in secondary storage are available when needed and that they are protected from access by unauthorized users

A

FILE MANAGEMENT

41
Q

USER INTERFACE AND INPUT/OUTPUT MANAGEMENT

A
  • User INterface
  • Command-based user interface
42
Q

HARDWARE INDEPENDENCE

A

Application program interface (API)

43
Q

PROCESSING TASK

A
  • Multitasking
  • Time-sharing
  • Scalability

Introduction To Computing (5 decks)

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