Control Theories / Chapter 6 pt. 1 Flashcards
Instead of asking why we break rules, Control Theories ask…
Why we conform.
Unlike other theories, Control Theories’ view states…
People want to deviate.
Personal Controls refer to…
Effects of internalized norms.
Social Controls refer to…
Family, social groups/structures that regulate and enforce sanctions.
Internal Controls are…
Internalized norms. (i.e. the effects of one’s conscience)
Indirect Controls refer to…
The influence of others (like parents) who may disapprove of a deviant pursuit.
Direct Controls refer to…
The consequences imposed by social groups and formal institutions for deviance (e.g. the police)
The opportunities for normative ways of achieving one’s goals which make deviance less important.
Availability of Alternative Means
Feeling angry or resentful can ____ you to act in deviant ways.
Push
Being a member of a marginalized group can ________ you to engage in deviance.
Pressure
Being tempted by something you want can ____ you towards deviant behaviour.
Pull
Reckless (1961) proposed that conformity came from two mechanisms of containment…
Inner containment and Outer containment.
Inner containment refers to…
Individual properties that regulate behaviour.
e.g. Self-control and Conscientiousness
Outer Containment refers to…
Social groups and institutions that provide a direct normative influence.
e.g. Family and School
