Control & Resistance Flashcards
9.1, 9,2, 9.3A, 9.3B, 9.4A, 9.4B
the SS were divided into what 3 sections?
- the SD (Sicherheitsdienst)
- the Waffen SS
- the Death’s Head Units
what was the SD?
- looked after “security”
- they could arrest anyone for any reason, search homes & seize property
- they spied on & policed the Nazi Party itself
what was the Waffen SS?
an elite unit in the army
what were the Death’s Head Units?
ran the concentration camps and, later, the death camps
what were the secret police known as?
the Gestapo
what did the Gestapo do?
- did not wear uniforms
- spied on people they thought might be a threat
- tapped telephone calls & opened mail
- had the power to arrest, imprison without trial & torture anyone
- set up a huge network of informers
- encouraged children to report their parents & teachers
what is censorship?
the limiting of access to information, ideas or books in order to prevent knowledge or the freedom of thought
what were some key messages used in propaganda?
- blaming Jews for Germany’s problems
- criticising the Treaty of Versailles
- making Germany great again
propaganda & censorship: newspapers?
- only stories that showed the good things Nazis were doing were allowed to be printed
- many negative stories about Jews
propaganda & censorship: films?
- all film plots were shown to Goebbels before the actual film was made
- all films had to show the Nazis in a good way & their “enemies” in a bad way
propaganda & censorship: radio?
- Nazis controlled all radio stations- used to put across Nazi ideas
- loudspeakers were placed in the streets, factories & cafes to air radio broadcasts
propaganda & censorship: books, theatre & music?
- writers were forced to write books, plays & songs that praised Hitler and the Nazis
propaganda & censorship: mass rallies?
- held to celebrate Hitler’s greatness
- special arenas were built that could hold half a million people
- choirs, bands & air shows were performed to showcase how impressive & well- organised the Nazis were
what was the Chamber of Culture?
ruled that all cultural activities such as: art, theatre, music, film & literature had to give the same message- Nazi beliefs & ideas were correct and everything Hitler did was in the best interests of the country
who was the Chamber of Culture set up by?
the loyal Nazi- Joseph Goebbels
what was the Militant League for German Culture?
a group that protested against some of the more modern plays & films
what was an example of a musical that came under attack?
the Threepenny Opera- contained lots of jazz music
what clubs did the Nazis also shut?
Germany’s cabaret clubs
in 1936, how many paintings did the Nazis burn?
5000
where were the Olympic Games held in 1936?
Berlin
what were some examples of passive resistance?
- refusing to give the Heil Hitler salute
- refusing to give money to the Hitler Youth members who went from house to house, collecting funds
who were the leaders of the White Rose group?
Hans Scholl and Sophie Scholl
what did the White Rose group do?
- urged Germans to get rid of Hitler
- handed out anti-Nazi leaflets
- put up posters
- wrote graffiti on walls
how many attempts were there on Hitler’s life?
around 50
what was the Kreisau Circle?
- consisted of army officers, university professors & aristocrats who were shocked by Hitler’s plans for war & the brutality of the Nazi regime
- they discussed assassinating Hitler but they did not actually do anything
who was the Beck-Goerdeler group led by?
former army general Ludwig Beck and Nazi official Karl Goerdeler
what did the Beck-Goerdeler group do?
- contacted the British about the possibility of removing Hitler but nothing could be agreed
- made attempts on Hitler’s life in March & November 1943 & were behind the July 1944 bomb plot
who agreed to be part of the July 1944 bomb plot?
Colonel Claus Von Stauffenberg
what was the plan for the July 1944 bomb plot?
- detonate a bomb where Hitler was meeting other Nazi leaders
- take over
- end the war
- change Germany for the better
what was the impact of the July 1944 bomb plot?
- killed 4 men
- burnt Hitler’s hair
- burst Hitler’s eardrums
- blowed some of Hitler’s clothes off-
