control, punishment and victims Flashcards
1
Q
What is situational crime prevention?
A
- a pre-emptive approach, focused on reducing opportunities to commit crime, rather than improving society or institutions
2
Q
What are some pros and cons of situational crime prevention?
A
+ greatly reduces some crime
- rational choice theory is too assuming
- focuses on petty crimes
- ignores root causes of crimes
3
Q
What are the five types of displacement?
A
- spacial
- temporal
- target
- tactical
- functional
4
Q
What is an example of Broken Window thesis working?
A
- in NY, crime has dropped by 39% and murder by 49%
5
Q
What is social and community crime prevention?
A
- this is the idea of shifting emphasis from policing to potential offenders and their social context
6
Q
What does Foucault believe about surveillance?
A
- we are under surveillance all the time and are becoming like prisoners
7
Q
What is retributive justice?
A
- severe and expressive punishment
8
Q
What is restitutive justice?
A
- punishments are restorative and practical
9
Q
How do Marxists see prisons?
A
- a way to maintain class order
- a way of protecting wealth
10
Q
Is prison really a deterrent?
A
- people aren’t always deterred as the alternative may be worse
11
Q
Do prisons really rehabilitate?
A
- it doesn’t because of the high reoffending rates
12
Q
Are people incapacitated?
A
- people still commit crime from within prison
13
Q
Is prison really retribution?
A
- retribution can be considered subjective. Do people really feel justice
14
Q
What does Garland believe about prisons?
A
- when statistics reach such high levels it is no longer about individual punishment but imprisoning whole groups of people
- in the USA young black males
15
Q
What is transcarceration?
A
- when you are transferred from agency to agency
