Control & Prevention Flashcards
What must chiropractors know?
Public Health and Health Promotion- Chiros must demonstrate knowledge of public health principles, including knowledge of sexually transmitted infections, preventive care & effective public health interventions
-Must also understand approaches that chiropractors can take to prevent injury, disease and infection among their patients while promoting public and personal health among their patients
Morbidity Rate vs. Mortality Rate
Morbidity - number of affected persons per specified period (AKA illness)
Mortality - number of deaths due to a disease per specified period, divided by the total population
Incidence vs. Prevalence
Incidence - number of NEW cases of disease in given area during given time
Prevalence - TOTAL NUMBER of total cases of a disease in a given area during a given time period
Different Ways to Break the Chain
Diseases have certain weak points
- The basic approach in controlling the disease is to:
- -Identify these weak points
- -Break the weakest links in chain of transmission
Infectious Agent - break the chain
- Early diagnosis & treatment
- Cleaning, disinfection, sterilization
- Infection prevention policies
- Pest control
Reservoir - break the chain
- Cleaning, disinfection and sterilization
- Infection prevention policies
- Pest control
Way out of the body - break the chain
- Hand hygiene
- PPE
- Respiratory etiquette
- Waste disposal
Methods of transmission - break the chain
- Hand hygiene
- PPE
- Food safety
- Cleaning, disinfection, sterilization
- Isolation
Person at risk - break the chain
- Immunization
- Treatment of underlying diseases
- Patient education
Ways into the body - break the chain
- Hand hygiene
- PPE
- Personal hygiene
- First aid
Emerging Diseases
An emerging disease is one that has appeared in a population for the first time, or that may have existed previously but is rapidly increasing in incidence or geographic range
-Most have zoonotic origin
Divisions of Emerging Infectious Disease
- Newly emerging infections
- Re-emerging infections
- Deliberate emerging disease
Elimination
Eradication
Extinction
Elimination - incidence down to zero, in a certain geographical area, so, continued preventive measures are required
Eradication - down to zero, worldwide, no intervention required (ex. smallpox)
Extinction - pathogen does not exist in nature or in lab
