Control over Canine Reproduction Flashcards
What are the indications for terminating pregnancy?
Bitch not intended for breeding.
Incorrect dog serves bitch
Obstetric risk
How does PGF2 alpha cause abortion?
Causes luteolysis and uterine contractions in second half of gestation.
Owner has requested to terminate pregnancy in her bulldog. The dog is in it’s 2nd half of gestation and money is not an issue what do you do?
Progesterone receptor antagonists.
Eg. Alizine or Aglipristone two doses 24 hours apart.
What are the two names for prostaglandin f2 alpha products used?
Closprostenol
Lutalyse
What are an issue with using PGF2 alpha use to cause abortion?
Nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, abdominal pain
How does progesterone receptor antagonists cause abortion?
Acts on progesterone receptors.
No progesterone = no pregnancy.
Very expensive and can be irritant.
What must you always ensure when inducing pregnancy termination?
Check all foetuses have aborted before stopping treatment.
How do dopamine agonists/prolactin inhibitors cause abortion?
No prolactin - corpus luteum is not supported and pregnancy is at risk
How can oestrogen be used to terminate pregnancy?
Prevents implantation when given within a few days of mating
What is the purpose of glucocorticoids to cause abortion in the bitch?
Difficult - need a high dose for a long period.
What are you going to do if the owner suspects unwanted insemination?
Spay.
Treat with aglipristone for a week after mating.
Can do vaginal cytology to check for oestrous/sperm.
List methods of preventing/suppressing oestrous in companion animals.
Ovariectomy.
Progestagens.
Androgens.
GnRH agonists.
What are some effects of neutering?
Obesity, prostate neoplasia, reduced sexual behaviour, reduced mammary neoplasia, reduced pyometra, no effect on bone density.
Give examples of progestagens and explain the side effects and how they work.
Megestrol acetate (Ovarid) or Medroxyprogesterone acetate (Provera). Unknown mechanism of action. Side effects - CEH, pyometra, benign mammary nodules, mammary neoplasia, increased appetite, behaviour changes, skin changes.
What is Mibolerone?
Androgen. Used to prevent gonadotrophin release and ovulation.
Issues with clitoral enlargement, vaginitis, mascularisation.
Why does progestagen cause pyometra?
Oestrogen potentiates the effects of progesterone on uterus.
What is the use of deslorelin acetate in canine reproduction?
GnRH agonists.
Get reversible sterility in male dogs not for use in bitches.
If you don’t remove the implant you get continued GnRH presence.
What are some indications for inducing oestrous?
Delayed puberty
Anoestrous
Synchronising ovulation for embryo transfer
Suit breeder schedule
What are the pre-requisites for inducing oestrous?
Healthy bitch. 4 months since last oestrous. Exclude any illness, metabolic issues, intersex etc.
Compare Cabergoline and Deslorelin implant.
Cabergoline - induces fertile oestrous, pro-oestrous in 3-8 days.
Deslorelin - pro-oestrous within few days, remove implant to avoid abortion.
How do you suppress oestrous in the cat?
Induce ovulation/luteal phase using hCG, GnRH or cotton bud in vagina
How do you want to control reproduction in males?
Castration.
Vasectomy.
GnRH agonist (Deslorelin)
Intra-testicular injections of zinc gluconate
How do you treat benign prostatic hypertrophy?
5 alpha reductase inhibitors - inhibits conversion to testosterone.
Progestagens - not enough contraceptive effect
