Control of ventilation

Question 1

Where is the respiratory centre located?

Answer 1

In the medulla oblongata

Question 2

What do the pons and medulla do?

Answer 2

send impulses to the primary respiratory muscles via the phrenic and intercostal nerves, which stimulate contraction

Question 3

What is the detection of hypoxia reliant on?

Answer 3

peripheral and chemoreceptors

Question 4

What is the group of neurons involved in expiration?

Answer 4

ventral

Question 5

what are the group of neurons involved in inspiration?

Answer 5

dorsal

Question 6

what are the group of neurons involved in the rate and pattern of breathing?

Answer 6

poutine

Question 7

where are the peripheral chemoreceptors located?

Answer 7

carotids and aortic bodies

Question 8

what do the peripheral chemoreceptors do?

Answer 8

detect changes in the partial pressure of oxygen as the arterial blood leaves the heart

Question 9

What do the peripheral chemoreceptors do when they detect low oxygen?

Answer 9

send afferent impulses to travel via glossopharyngeal and vagus nerves to medulla oblongata and pons in the brain stem

Question 10

What responses are induced when impulses of low 02 are sent to the medulla oblongata and pons?

Answer 10

increased rep rate and tidal volume
blood flow is directed to the kidneys and brain
cardiac output increased to maintain the flow

Question 11

Where are the central chemoreceptors located?

Answer 11

in the medulla oblongata in the brain stem

Question 12

What do the central chemoreceptors detect?

Answer 12

changes to the arterial partial pressures of Co2

Question 13

what do the central chemoreceptors do when they detect a change in co2?

Answer 13

send impulses to the respiratory centres in the brain

Question 14

What happens to ventilation when increased pCO2 is detected?

Answer 14

increases, so more co2 is exhaled

Question 15

What happens to ventilation when decreased pCO2 is detected?

Answer 15

decreases, so more co2 is retained in the lungs and in the blood