control of blood glucose

Question 1

define glycogenesis

Answer 1

conversion of glucose to glycogen

Question 2

define glycogenolysis

Answer 2

hydrolysis of glycogen to glucose

Question 3

define glyconeogenesis

Answer 3

production of glucose from non-carbohydrate sources (e.g. amino acids + glycerol)

Question 4

describe the secondary messenger model (action of adrenaline)

Answer 4

• hormone adrenaline approaches transmembrane protein
• adrenaline fuses to the receptor, causing it to change shape –> activating adenyl cyclase enzyme in the membrane
• this activated enzyme converts ATP to cyclic AMP –> acts as the second messenger
• cAMP changes the shape of and activate the protein kinase enzyme
• active protein kinase enzyme catalyses conversion of glycogen to glucose (glycogenolysis)