Contrasts in World Development Flashcards
Define Development
Development means the level of economic growth and wealth of a country
Define Development Gap
Difference in development between the richer and poorer countries
Name 2 Economic Indicators
GNI(Gross National Income)
Percentage of People Employed in Farming
Name 4 Social Indicators
Life Expectancy
Number of people per doctor
Percentage of people who can read and write(literacy rate)
Percentage of people with internet Access
Define GNI
Total value of goods and services produced
Expand HDI
Human Development Index
Advantages of Using HDI
Gives a picture of both wealth and quality of life,because it includes GDP and health/education measurements
Helps to look for potential future development using education
Easy to compare/ Contrast
Disadvantages of Using HDI
LEDC countries give inaccurate information to get more aid
What are 4 factors that hinder development?
Colonialism(Historical Factors)
environmental factors
dependance on primary activities
debt
Explain using SCE on how debt affects development, with referring to a place
S- Banks have lent millions of dollars to LEDCs to help them develop
C-This means it is difficult for people and government to plan their finances into the future
E- This leads less money for the government to invest in health/education to improve literacy rates or life expectancy
In 2007, Ecuador spent more on debt repayment than housing,health and environment combined
Explain using SCE how colonialism affected development? with referring to a place
S-European Countries drew borders all over the continent without knowing the local place
C- This meant that diverse ethnic groups were forced to lived together leading to conflict
E- This affected development as business didn’t want to invest in an unsafe country
Nigeria has over 250 ethnic groups
Explain using SCE how environmental factors affected development, refer to a place
S- Some countries are more prone to natural hazards
C- Earthquakes/volcanoes/hurricanes can cause large damage to housing and infrastructure
E- This means government has less money to spend on health and education to improve literacy rates/life expectancy
Haiti was struck by an earthquake in 2010 destroying the airport and port
Choose 1 of the three Sustainable Development Goals and explain how they attempt to reduce development gap
No Poverty
This goal aims to eradicate poverty so that people have higher incomes, and will be able to pay for basic needs and resources
This will bring huge benefits to LEDCs as the standard of living will increase which helps to reduce the development gap between MEDCs and LEDCS
Define Appropriate Technology
Method or toll which is developed to carry out a task which is appropriate to the situation
Describe the Hippo Water Roller
The 90 litre Hippo Water Roller was invented to help rural women and children collect safe and drinkable water from water sources
Advantages of Hippo Water Roller
Strong and durable=can hold 5 times mor water
equipped with a steel handle= allows users to push easily
water stores effectively
long life span
eased what was once a back breaking task
enables children more time at school
Negatives of Hippo Water Roller
Expensive, costs 96 pounds= many rely on sponsors
Communities may still be accessing dirty water
have to walk long distances
Define Fair trade
Fair trade means people who make or grow something are paid a fair price for their work and are ensured a guaranteed price so they wont lose out if prices fall
Advantages of Fair Trade to LEDCs, refer to places
Farmers are guaranteed a minimum wage, this means they are still able to pay for their families basic needs if business turns bad
Profits are used by farmers to help provide healthcare, education and transport for their communities
60,000 coffee growers in Tanzania have a cooperative union which helps them to sell fair trade coffee. This improves housing and provide education for their communities
Define Globalisation
The way people,goods,money and ideas move around the world faster and more cheaply than every before
How has Globalisation help development in a BRICS country
Lot of MNCs(multinational corporations) have invested in India and entrepreneurs are encouraged to set up businesses in India. This is due to the large English speaking work force and a lot of people seeking work and will accept low wages. This has boosted the economic growth of the country
Globalisation has lead to more healthcare access in India. As a result,Life Expectancy has gone up from 59 years to 70
Literacy Rate has increased from 50 to 74
Increase in number of enormous shopping centres
How has globalization hindered Development in an BRICS country
Globalization has led to economic growth, but wealth is not evenly distributed.
This results in poverty and malnutrition, especially in rural areas.
In India, nearly half of the children are malnourished, despite economic progress.
Governments prioritize economic growth over social infrastructure.As an effect , less than one third of the country have a toilet. This contributes of spread of diseases and bad health
