Contrasts In World Development

Question 1

MEDCs vs LEDCs

Answer 1

MEDCS; More Economically Developed Countries

LEDCS; Less Economically Developed Countries

Question 2

Indicators of development

Answer 2

GNI per person; All of the money earned by a country divided by the country’s population

Life expectancy; The average number of years a person is expected to live

Annual population growth; The rate at which the population is growing, calculated by the birth rate minus the death rate

Urban population; The proportion of the population that lives in a town or city

Adult literacy; The percentage of people aged 15 or higher who can read and write

Question 3

Factors that inhibit growth

Answer 3

Historical factors; Colonisation resulting in resources being taken from the country

Environmental factors; Natural disasters can massively impact economy as can disease

Dependency on primary activities; Countries with high independence on a single export are likely to suffer from the varying value of that export

Debt; Many LEDCs rely on payments from MEDCs for mass infrastructure and development but this needs to be repayed

Question 4

Development goals

Answer 4

Goal 1; Reduce poverty

Goal 8; Sustainable economic growth

Goal 15; Protect and promote sustainable use of land

Question 5

Appropriate technology

Answer 5

Technology that considers the needs and environment of the community that uses it. Typically appropriate technology uses fewer resources, is easy to repair, cheap to buy and run and has a relatively low impact on the environment

Question 6

Hippo roller evaluation

Answer 6

Reduces the time and effort required for moving water giving children more time for school and women more time to pursue other agricultural activities. It is used in more than 20 African countries

Question 7

Fair trade advantages to LEDCs

Answer 7

Producers now get fair pay for their exports

Question 8

Globalisation

Answer 8

Globalisation is when businesses have opened branches across the world and trade & communication is international

Question 9

India, globalisation

Answer 9

How it’s helped; India has become a popular country to locate everything from factories to call centres, average living standards and life expectancy has increased (1990-2015 life expectancy rose 59-68 years, 1990-2011 adult literacy rate rose 50%-74%), some cities now have malls and prestige office blocks

How it’s hindered; 455 million Indians were forced to live on $1.25 a day in 2015, many say it widens the gap between the rich and poor, international trade is often blamed for the erosion of India’s traditional values as consumerism is put above family and community