Contrast radiography Flashcards
1
Q
What is contrast radiography?
A
- Studying organs using X-rays and a contrast medium (dye)
- Enhances the differences between body tissues on images
2
Q
What is a negative contrast agent and what does it look like?
A
- Air
- Black
3
Q
What is a positive contrast and what does it look like?
A
- Barium compounds and iodine compounds
- White
4
Q
Why should plain X-rays be done before a contrast X-ray?
A
- Might be visible anyway
- Foreign body might be radiodense
- Check exposure factors
- Check patient preparation
5
Q
When should barium sulphate be used?
A
- Vomiting
- Diarrhoea
- Suspected mass of foreign body
6
Q
How should the patient be prepared for barium compounds?
A
- Starve/enema
- Sedation
7
Q
When should barium compounds not be used and why?
A
- Ruptured bowel as can cause granuloma or thrombus and risk aspiration pneumonia patients
- As not water soluble
8
Q
What are the 2 ways to use contrast in urinary tract radiography?
A
- IV urography
- Retrograde cystography
9
Q
What is IV urography?
A
- Ionic iodine compounds
- Starve, enema, IV canula and GA
10
Q
What are the indications for IV urography?
A
- See kidney internal shape
- Pelvis size, shape and position
- Ureter and bladder anatomy
11
Q
What is cystography?
A
- Ionic iodine solutions and air
- Enema, GA/sedation, catheterise to drain urine and insert contrast, roll patient to coat bladder and then insert air
12
Q
What are the indications for cystography?
A
- Dysuria/haematuria
- Incontinence/urinary retention
- Suspected bladder rupture
13
Q
What is positive contrast cystography good for and not good for?
A
- Good for bladder rupture
- Not good for uroliths
14
Q
What is double contrast cystography good for?
A
- For detecting uroliths or examine bladder wall
15
Q
What is myelography?
A
- Non-ionic iodine compounds
- Surgical prep of site, GA, contrast agent warmed to body temperature, remove cerebrospinal fluid and insert contrast via spinal needle
