Contrast

Question 1

The propensity of an iodinated contrast medium to cause fluid from outside the blood vessel (extravascular space) to move into the bloodstream (intravascular space) is

Answer 1

Osmolality

Question 2

Salts consisting of sodium and/or megulmine. Each molecule dissociates into two charged particles, or ions. High osmolar (Conray and Hypaque)

Answer 2

Ionic contrast media

Question 3

Non-salt chemical compounds that contain 3 atoms of iodine per molecule. Do NOT dissociate in solution. Low osmolar (iohexol/omnipaque and ioversol/optiray). Less likely to produce adverse side effects/reactions.

Answer 3

Non-ionic contrast media

Question 4

Have same osmolality as blood. Reduce potential of side effects. Iodixanol/visipaque

Answer 4

Iso-osmolar contrast media

Question 5

Administered orally and/or rectally

Answer 5

Enteral

Question 6

Administered directly into bloodstream. Anything other than GI tract

Answer 6

Parenteral

Question 7

• May not be used in cases of suspected perforation.
• Contraindicated in patients who are to undergo surgery or other invasive procedure of the abdomen/pelvis.
• Can be potentially harmful if aspirated.

Answer 7

Barium sulfate

Question 8

• Usually more palatable and result in less GI distress.

- Contraindicated in patients with known iodine allergy.

Answer 8

Water-soluble oral contrast agent

Question 9

Air, gas, and water

Answer 9

Negative Contrast Agent

Question 10

Very low density barium sulfate solution (VoLumen) for small bowel

Answer 10

Neutral oral contrast

Question 11

Flow rate for central venous catheter (PICC)

Answer 11

Less than 2 mL/sec

Question 12

Injection directly into the space surrounding the spinal cord

Answer 12

Intrathecal

Question 13

Injection of contrast agent directly into joint space

Answer 13

Intra-articular