Contracts QSet Flashcards

1
Q

What is a mistake in the context of contracts?

A

A belief not in accordance with the facts

The facts must be existing, not a belief about future events.

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2
Q

What are the two types of mistakes that can occur in a contract?

A
  • Mutual mistake
  • Unilateral mistake
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3
Q

What are the three requirements for a mutual mistake to be grounds for avoidance?

A
  • Involves a basic assumption
  • Has a material effect on performance
  • The adversely affected party is not the one on whom the risk was imposed
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4
Q

What constitutes a breach of contract?

A

Any failure to render full performance when performance is due

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5
Q

What renders a contract illusory?

A

Contract language that gives a party total discretion over performance

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6
Q

What is the parol-evidence rule?

A

Extrinsic evidence is inadmissible to contradict the express terms of an integrated agreement

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7
Q

What is an integrated agreement?

A

A writing intended by the parties as a final expression of their agreement

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8
Q

What is a merger clause?

A

Indicates that the writing is the final expression of the parties’ agreement

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9
Q

What is extrinsic evidence?

A

Evidence outside the four corners of the written agreement

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10
Q

What is the difference between a fully integrated and a partially integrated agreement?

A
  • Fully integrated: full and final expression
  • Partially integrated: final but incomplete statement
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11
Q

What are expectation damages?

A

Damages that place the injured party in the position it would have been in had the breach not occurred

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12
Q

What are incidental damages?

A

Costs or losses that the breaching party should reasonably have foreseen from the breach

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13
Q

What are consequential damages?

A

Costs and losses arising from special circumstances peculiar to the nonbreaching party

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14
Q

In a contract for the sale of goods, how are a buyer’s expectation damages calculated?

A

Market price difference, plus incidental and consequential damages, minus expenses saved

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15
Q

What is an implied-in-fact contract?

A

A contract inferred from the parties’ conduct

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16
Q

What does the doctrine of frustration of purpose entail?

A

Discharges a party’s performance when circumstances change making the performance virtually worthless

17
Q

What is a condition in a contract?

A

An event that triggers a party’s contractual obligation to perform

18
Q

What happens when a condition is excused?

A

The performance subject to it becomes due

19
Q

How may a party waive a condition?

A

Through words or conduct

20
Q

How can an offer be accepted?

A
  • Return promise
  • Performance
21
Q

What is a unilateral contract?

A

A contract accepted by performance

22
Q

What is an option contract?

A

Created when offeree begins performance of a unilateral contract, preventing offeror from revoking

23
Q

What determines if additional terms in an acceptance become part of the contract?

A

Whether the parties are merchants

24
Q

What is a merchant?

A

Someone who deals in goods of that kind or has knowledge or expertise in the goods or transaction

25
What happens to additional terms in an acceptance if at least one party is not a merchant?
They are treated as proposals for addition to the contract
26
What are the exceptions for additional terms in a contract between merchants?
* Offer expressly limits acceptance to its terms * Additional terms materially alter those in the offer * Offeror objects within a reasonable time
27
What makes a contract voidable?
A party's incapacity to contract
28
Who are the common categories of parties lacking capacity?
* Infants * Mentally incompetent individuals
29
Under what conditions does an intoxicated person incur only voidable contractual obligations?
If the other party knows or has reason to know of the intoxicated party's incapacity