Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Women's Health > contraceptives > Flashcards

contraceptives Flashcards

1
Q

MOA of both estogen and progestin

A

prevention of ovulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

How does estrogen change the endometrium?

A

stabilizes the lining → prevents irregular shedding and provides cycle control

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

How does progestin change the environment of the uterus?

A

increases viscocity of cervical mucus → inhibits sperm penetration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Three methods of Combined Hormonal Contraceptive

A

oral pil, transdermal patch, vaginal ring

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what is the most common form of estrogen in COC, transdermal patch and the vaginal ring?

A

ethinyl estradiol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Pro of drospirenone and dienogest

A

bind primarily to progesterone receptors and have potential anti-adrenergic effects

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Cons of earlier forms of progestin

A

bind to androgen receptors → side effects

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Side effect seen if there is not enough estrogen in COC

A

early cycle spotting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

side effects with too much estrogen

A

nausea and bloating, breast tenderness, headache, increased BP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Side effects with too little progestin

A

late cycle spotting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Side effcts of too much progestin

A

fatigue, breast tenderness, headache, mood changes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Side effects of too much androgen

A

acne, weight gain, hirsutism, increased LDL and decreased HDL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Which COC is FDA approved in treating acne?

A

4th generation progestin → drospirenone and dienogest

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

This COC has the same amount of estrogen and progestin in all the active tablets

A

monophasic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

This COC has varying amounts of estrogen and progestin in the active tablets in attempt to minimize cumulative hormone doses and better mimic hormone levels throughout the menstrual cycle

A

multiphasic → biphasic, triphasic, quadriphasic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what are some things that COC products differ on?

A

type of estrogen, amount of estrogen, type of progestin, amount of progestin, androgenic activity, monophasic vs multiphasic, duration of cycle, number of active tablets, ethinyl estradiol in inactive tablets, iron or folate in inactive tablets

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What do you consider when choosing an initial COC agent?

A

monophasic, product with < 35 mcg of EE and <0.5 mg norethindrone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What are the components of transdermal patch?

A

ethinyl estradiol and norelgestromin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

How often does the patient have to reappy transdermal patch (ortho evra, xulane)?

A

every week and then a week off

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Who is the transdermal patch not first line in?

A

women over 90kg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Black box warning for transdermal patch in comparision to COC?

A

increased risk of VTE → more exposure to estrogen than the pill

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

ADE for nuvargin (vaginal ring)

A

foreign body sensation, device expulsion, vaginal symptoms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

what are the components of nuvaring?

A

ethinyl estradiol and etonogestrel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

what are the components of annovera (other vaginal ring)?

A

ethinyl estradiol and segesterone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

How does annovera differ from nuvaring?

A

provides contraception for a year → left in place for 21 days, removed for 1 week, SAME ring is reinserted

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Who would benefit from annovera?

A

patient with little access to pharmacy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

MOA of high dose progestin only contraceptive products → not the pills

A

prevents ovulation

28
Q

MOA of all progestin containing products

A

increases viscocity of cervical mucus → inhibits sperm penetration

29
Q

Four types of progestin only contraceptive

A

oral pills, injections, implants, IUD

30
Q

In Progestin Only Mini Pills, what is the active compound and how should they be taken?

A

norethindrone

condinuously → no week off and AT THE SAME TIME EACH DAY (within 3 hr time)

31
Q

Why do some women on POP sometime have unpredictable and irregular bleeding?

A

mayn women continue to ovulate normally

32
Q

How often do you have to administer injectable depo provera (either IM or subQ)?

A

evey 3 months (13wks)

33
Q

Do women ovulate with depo provera?

A

no → progestin dose is sufficient to inhibt

34
Q

Most common ADE of depo provera

A

menstrual irregularities, weight gain, bone density loss

35
Q

Injectable progestin can’t be used over 2 years due to this black box warning

A

bone density loss

36
Q

What is the median time to conception from the first omitted dose of injectable progestin?

A

10 months

37
Q

How long is etonogestrel implant effective?

A

3 years

38
Q

ADE for etonogestrel implant?

A

not for women >130% IBW, menstrual irregularities, still susceptible to DDI (potent CYP450 inducers)

39
Q

What are the differences between IUD?

A

amount of progestin released on daily basis and size

40
Q

MOA of IUD

A

thickens cervical mucus, suppresses endometrium, inhibit sperm survival and migration

41
Q

Do women ovulate with IUD?

A

yes

42
Q

Is there a risk of infertility with IUD?

A

no

43
Q

MOA of copper IUD

A

creates inflammatory reaction within the endometrium that interferes with sperm and fertilization; may prevent implantation (emergency contraception)

44
Q

How long is the copper IUD effective?

A

10 years

45
Q

what is a side effect seen with copper IUD?

A

increased menstrual blood flow

46
Q

What should you check prior to prescribing combined hormonal contraceptive?

A

BP

47
Q

What do you check prior to prescribing progestin only method?

A

none

48
Q

what should you do prior to prescribing a IUD?

A

bimanual examination and cervical inspection

49
Q

Which two contraceptive methods are the most effective?

A

inplants and IUD

50
Q

What cardiovascular/cerebrovascular indications would you avoid a CHC in?

A

BP >160/>100, vascular disease, > 35 and smoke >15 cigs/day, ischemic heart disease, history of cerebrovascular accident, migraines with aura

51
Q

What are the thrombolic risks that would make you avoid prescribing CHC in?

A

DVT/PE risk or history, major surgery resulting in prolonged immobilization, thrombogenic mutations, SLE, valvular heart disease

52
Q

how does estrogen put patients at increased thromotic risk?

A

increases the hepatic production of factor VII, X and fibrinogen

53
Q

Can women with breast cancer take a hormone contraceptive?

A

no → avoid all but IUD

54
Q

How long should women wait postpartum before starting CHC?

A

21 days

55
Q

what are some contraindications for an IUD?

A

pregnancy, cervical or endometrial cancer, PID, STD, TB, anatomical abnormalities

56
Q

Which contraceptives should you be cautious with in heavier women?

A

impalnt, injectable (cause weight gain), transdermal patch, vaginal ring (annovera) all COC

57
Q

you can start contraceptive method if it has been _____ days after menses onset and if they used back up method or abstain for ___ days

A

> 5-7 days

7 days

58
Q

What adverse effects would you stop a contraceptive?

A 
A - abdominal pain
C - Chest pain 
H - headaches
E - eye problems
S - severe leg pain/stroke symptoms
59
Q

what instructions should you give a patient with misses 2 or more dosese of COC (>48 hrs since first missed pill)?

A

take 2 pills that day and use back up for 7 days

60
Q

If a patient has gone >48 hours without their patch or ring what should you do?

A

apply/insert a new one ASAP and used back up for 7 days

61
Q

How long should you wait to refer a patient to a MD if they have amenorrhea after discontinuing contraceptive?

A

6 months

62
Q

How do emergency contraceptive work?

A

interfere with ovulation or implantation of fertilizaed egg in endometrial lining

63
Q

Preferred emergency contraceptive method in obese patients

A

copper IUD

64
Q

MOA of levonogestrel (plan B)

A

inhibits or delays ovulation

65
Q

This emergency contraceptive is available by prescription only and is selective progesterone receptor modulator thus delaying ovulation

A

ulipristal

Women's Health (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions