Contraception Flashcards
contraceptive methods
barrier
spermicides
OCPs
patch
nuvaring
minipill
IUD
emergency
depo-provera
nexplanon
sterilization
t/f: barrier methods offer STI protection
t
2 cons of diaphragm
-must remain in place 6-24 hr after intercourse
-requires pelvic exam/fitting
what is nonoxynol-9
spermicide
major con of spermicides
frequent use can increase risk for STI’s
moa for OCP’s
prevent ovulation by inhibiting mid-cycle LH surge -> thickens cervical mucus -> thins endometrium
4 pros of OCPs
-improve dysmenorrhea
-normalize menstrual cycle
-protect against cysts and ovarian/endometrial ca
-improve acne
t/f: OCPs increase risk of breast ca, cervical ca, and liver ca
f!
according to Smarty PANCE there is no convincing evidence that they do this
3 potential complications of OCPs
thromboembolic events
HTN
hepatic adenoma
3 s.e of OCPs
-breakthrough bleeding
-nausea
-breast tenderness
usually resolve w.in 3 cycles
contraindication for combined OCPs
> 35 yo PLUS smoker
t/f: combined OCPs are ok for pt’s < 35 yo who smoke
t!
t/f: failure rate of transdermal patches are comparable to OCPs
t!
patches may be slightly less effective for what pt pop
> 198 lb
benefit of patches over OCP
less risk for thromboembolic events
how often is the patch changed
weekly
how is the nuvaring used
1 ring intravaginally for 3 weeks each month
t/f: mini pill has failure rates similar to OCP
t!
3 pros of the mini pill
-safe in lactation
-no estrogenic s.e
-decreased ovarian/endometrial ca risk
what are 3 estrogenic s.e
HA
neausea
HTN
s.e of the minipill
-menstrual irregularities
non hormonal IUD
paragard (copper)
how often is the paragard replaced
q 10 years
paragard is a good choice for what pt pop
women w. contraindication to hormones who want kids later in life
what is the progestin only IUD
mirena
how often is mirena replaced
q 3-5 years
3 types of emergency contraception
levonorgestrel (Plan B, One Step)
Ella (ulipristal)
paragard
levonorgestrel must be prescribed w.in _ days of unprotected sex
ella must be prescribed w.in _ days of unprotected sex
levonorgestrel: 3 days
ella: 5 days
emergency contraception has up to _% failure rate
25
copper IUD can be considered for emergency contractption w.in _ days of unprotected sex
5
most effective emergency contraception
paragard
what drugs may decrease efficacy of levonorgestrel or ella
CYP3A4 inhibitors:
carbamazepine
topiramate
st. john’s wort
when should women resume OCP after taking levonorgestrel
asap
when should women resume OCP after taking ella
wait 5 days
they may decrease efficacy of one another
back up contraception should be used for _ days after taking levonorgestrel
and for _ days after taking ella
levonorgestrel: 7
ella: 14
or until next period
what type of contraception is a long acting progesterone injection
depo-provera
how long does depo last
3 months
what type of contraception is a progesterone only implant in the upper arm
nexplanon
how long does nexplanon work
3 years
which has a higher failure rate: tubal ligation or vasectomy
tubal ligation
what are the progestin only forms of contraception (4)
mini pill
mirena IUD
depo-provera
nexplanon
