Continuation of the War

Question 1

Why did the PG feel it had to continue the war?

Answer 1

It relied on loans and investment from Britain and France and it was afraid that these would be withdrawn if Russia pulled out of the war
Afraid of the demands that the Germans might make if Russia asked for peace

Question 2

What did some, such as Kerensky, think a victory in the war would result in?

Answer 2

Strengthening of the PG, proving the effectiveness of “the most democratic army in the world”

Question 3

When was Kerensky PM?

Answer 3

July-October 1917

Question 4

What did the government send?

Answer 4

A note to the Allies

Question 5

When did the PG send a note to the Allies?

Answer 5

April 1917

Question 6

What did the note to the Allies say?

Answer 6

Russia would continue in the war

Question 7

What did the note suggest Russia wanted in the event of a victory?

Answer 7

Land from Turkey

Question 8

What did the note lead to in Russia? Why was this?

Answer 8

Demonstrations and disorder because many were unhappy as it appeared the PG was no different to the Tsar’s government

Question 9

What happened to the Foreign Minister as a result of the note?

Answer 9

Forced to resign

Question 10

How was order restored after the disorder caused by the announcement that Russia would continue in the war?

Answer 10

By the Soviet

Question 11

What increased desertion and lack of discipline in the army?

Answer 11

The June/July Kerensky Offensive on Austria

Question 12

What did increased desertion and lack of discipline in the army lead to?

Answer 12

Its disintegration

Question 13

What was the last Russian offensive in WW1?

Answer 13

The Kerensky/Galician Offensive

Question 14

Why was the Kerensky Offensive ill-timed?

Answer 14

Following the February Revolution, there were strong popular demands for peace, especially within the Russian army

Question 15

What was happening to the fighting capabilities and discipline of the Russian Army due to the strong demand for peace?

Answer 15

Quickly deteriorating

Question 16

What had greatly weakened the power of officers?

Answer 16

The Petrograd Soviet’s Order No.1

Question 17

Why had the Petrograd Soviet’s Order No.1 greatly weakened the power of officers?

Answer 17

It had given soldiers’ committees control of all weapons and stated that soldiers would carry out the orders of the PG provided the Soviet agreed

Question 18

Why did Kerensky think a victory in the war would strengthen the weak Provisional Government?

Answer 18

The people would unite behind the government who would gain popular favour, restoring the soldiers’ morale

Question 19

What happened to the PG as a result of this military catastrophe?

Answer 19

It was greatly weakened which made the possibility of another revolution by the Bolsheviks increasingly more real

Question 20

How many casualties were there from the June Offensive?

Answer 20

60,000

Question 21

Rather than strengthening Russian morale, what did the Offensive prove?

Answer 21

Morale in the Russian army no longer existed

Question 22

Why did the June Offensive prove that morale in the Russian army no longer existed?

Answer 22

No general could rely in the soldiers under his command to follow orders as they became increasingly unpredictable and began to avoid higher authority

Question 23

What was the first direct challenge to the PG?

Answer 23

The July Days

Question 24

What did the Offensive help start?

Answer 24

The July Days

Question 25

Why did the Offensive help start the July Days?

Answer 25

The war had cost the lives of 100,000s of soldiers and the mounting frustration of workers and soldiers erupted at the beginning of July in a series of uncontrolled rioting and general disorder

Question 26

What were the uncontrolled rioting and general disorder caused by the war more violent and angrier than?

Answer 26

Those during the Feb Revolution months earlier

Question 27

After the June Offensive failed, what message of Lenin did the people start to follow?

Answer 27

“Peace, bread, land”