contents of the abdomen Flashcards
what are the different quadrants of the abdomen? 4
- right upper quadrant
- right lower quadrant
- left upper quadrant
- left lower quadrant
what are the different regions of the abdomen? 9
- right hypochondriac region
- epigastric region
- left hypochondriac region
- right lumbar region
- umbilical region
- left lumbar region
- right inguinal (iliac) region
- hypogastric (pubic) region
- left inguinal (iliac) region
what is in the right upper quadrant of the abdomen? 6
- Right lobe of liver
- Gallbladder
- Duodenum
- Head of the pancreas
- Hepatic flexure of colon
- Part of ascending and transverse colon
what is in the right lower quadrant of the abdomen? 4
- Cecum
- Appendix
- Ascending colon
- Small intestine
what is in the left upper quadrant of the abdomen? 6
- Stomach
- Spleen
- Left lobe of liver
- Body of pancreas
- Splenic flexure of colon
- Part of transverse and descending colon
what is in the left lower quadrant of the abdomen? 3
- Small intestine
- Descending colon
- Sigmoid colon
what are the processes in the digestive system? 6
- Ingestion
- Secretion of digestive fluids
- Mixing and propulsion
- Digestion
- Absorption
- Defecation
describe the serous layer of the GI tract? 4
- The outer membrane
- Encloses several body cavities
- Secretes a lubricating fluid
- Outer epithelial layer (secretory) and inner layer (connective tissue with vessels)
describe the muscular layer of the GI tract? 2
- Longitudinal or circular
- Responsible for the movement of the lumen contents
describe the mucosal layer of the GI tract? 4
- Inner layer
- Lines internal organs or cavities exposed to the external environment
- Secrete mucus
- Involved in absorption
describe the GI tract divisions? 6
- Oral cavity
- Pharynx
- Oesophagus
- Stomach
- Small intestine (duodenum, jejunum, ileum)
- Large intestine (colon
describe what is in the oral cavity? 4
- teeth
- palate
- tongue
- salivary glands
what are the teeth? 2
- accessory organs
- assist mechanical digestion
what is the palate? 2
- roof of mouth
- soft palate blocks the nasal cavity during swallowing
what is the tongue? 4
- accessory organ
- taste
- assist mixing
- swallowing