content vocabulary Flashcards

1
Q

Indentured servant

A

Indentured servants were men or women who signed a contract that agreed to work for a set amount of years in exchange for transportation, food, clothing, and shelter. After those years are over, the servant is free.

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2
Q

Triangle Trade

A

The Triangle Trade a system of importing and exporting items between America, Africa, and Europe.

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3
Q

Quartering Act

A

The Quartering Act was when the British Parliament required the local governments to provide housing and food for the British soldiers.

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4
Q

Boston Tea Party

A

After an extra tax was placed on any tea that was not from the British East India Company, which put many colonial tea makers out of business…

A group of colonists led by Samuel Adams took boxes of tea and dumped them into the harbor.

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5
Q

Quebec Act

A

An attempt to better control the Quebec territory, which was difficult due to previous French Possession… It hindered the colonist’s ability to migrate West and forced them to stay in the colonies.

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6
Q

Alien and Sedition Acts

A

John Adams passes the Alien Sedition Acts in order to….

1) Must wait 14 years to become a citizen
2) The President can deport any foreigner without reason
3) It is a crime to speak out against the federal government. (infringes against the Constitution)

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7
Q

War of 1812

A

The War of 1812 was caused by the British kidnapping U.S merchants to fight with the Britain soldiers against Napoleon. James Madison as president.

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8
Q

Era of Good Feelings

A

The years following the end of the War of 1812 was called the Era of Good Feelings because there was a desire for American unity.

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9
Q

Articles of Confederation

A

The Articles of Confederation acted as the first Consitution and was ratified in 1781. It had six main problems.

1) In order to amend, all 13 colonies had to agree
2) In order to create a new law, 9/13 colonies had to agree
3) 1 legislative branch
4) No executive or judicial branch
5) No federal regulation of trade, prices inflate
6) No federal taxes/no military

Which led to the U.s Consitution we have today

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10
Q

Mayflower Compact

A

The Mayflower Compact was the first governing document of Plymouth Colony. These rules were created by the first English settlers in the New World and was the first example of a self-governing body.

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11
Q

Cash crop

A

A crop produced for profit. Cash crops in the colonies were usually tobacco, wheat, cotton, and flax.

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12
Q

Boston Massacre

A

The Boston Massacre was a protest against taxes on March 5, 1770. This consisted of throwing snowballs and sticks until soldiers shot 5 people…

This riles the colonists up and makes them mad.

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13
Q

Tea Act

A

The tea act was when an extra tax placed on any tea that was not from the British East India Company, which put many colonial tea makers out of business. This caused the Boston Tea Party.

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14
Q

“Taxation without Representation”

A

An anti-British slogan made when the colonies were revolting against the British Empire. It means the act of being taxed without any representation in government(no say).

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15
Q

Washington’s Farewell Address

A

A major thing that Washington was known for. It warned against permanent foreign alliances and political parties.

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16
Q

Treaty of Ghent

A

The treaty of Ghent was the end of the War of 1812. It was a peace treaty between the U.S and Britain that made all land go back to its respective party, and discussions about the U.S/Canada border started…

This caused the U.S to gain global respect and confidence(we have beat Britain twice, we can do anything, just wants to have nothing to do with Britain)

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17
Q

Constitutional Convention

A

The Constitutional Convention happened in Philidelphia in 1787, where delegated from 12 colonies came together to address the issues that the AOC had made…

Lead to the creation of the Virginia Plan and the New Jersey Plan, and federalists and Anti-federalists came about.

18
Q

Checks and Balances

A

A system in today’s government that does not allow one branch of government to gain too much power over the other branches.

19
Q

Salem Witch Trials

A

The Salem Witch Trials were a series of hearings and prosecutions in colonial Massachusetts of people accused of witchcraft.

20
Q

Pontiac’s Rebellion

A

The Treaty of Paris, which ended the French and Indian War, gave Britain control over the Great Lakes Region, however, Natives were resistant to the British settlers, once they realized they were not as friendly as the French…

This caused stronger alliances between the Midwest and the native tribes, the Native Tribes became weaker due to fighting with the British forces, and the British became hesitant to the Westward Expansion by colonists.

21
Q

Intolerable Acts

A

The Intolerable Acts were imposed to punish the colonists for rebellious behavior:

  • closed the Boston Harbor
  • Gave the royal governer power, essentially stripping Massachusetts and self-governing power

This causes the colonists to begin to organize.

22
Q

2nd Continental Congress

A

The Second Continental Congress happened between 1775-1781 in Philidelphia, where delegates from ALL 13 colonies came together to vote on declaring independence. They drafted the Declaration of Independence, organized a continental Army, and acted as the first government.

23
Q

Constitution/Powers

A

We the people…

1) form a more perfect union
2) establish justice
3) ensure domestic tranquility
4) provide for the common defense
5) promote the general welfare
6) secure the blessings of liberty for ourselves and future Americans

24
Q

12th Amendment

A

The 12th Amendment established “running mates”(run together) vs. the top two finishers for President and Vice President(oftentimes opposite political parties)

25
Q

New Jersey Plan

A

The New Jersey Plan was one option of how the United States would be governed:

  • small state plan
  • a more powerful national government
  • unicameral legislature(one house)
  • each state would have an equal number of representatives
26
Q

Separation of Powers

A

The act of putting the duties of the legislative, executive, and judicial branches into separate bodies.

27
Q

Quaker

A

Quakers were a religious group that separated from the Church of England to be able to freely practice their religion.

28
Q

Proclamation of 1763

A

The Proclamation of 1763 reserved the land west of the Appalachian Mountains for the natives, not the colonists…

Which was good for the British because they could keep a better eye on the colonists, but bad for the colonists because they were limited to where they could be and they wanted to move West to make money.

29
Q

Ist Continental Congress

A

The 1st Continental Congress(delegates from the 13 colonies(not Georgia)) met in September of 1774 in Philadelphia to show support to Massachusetts and unify the colonists.

30
Q

Continental Army

A

The Continental Army was formed by the Second Continental Congress. An army that fought throughout the Revolution because Militias and untrained men weren’t going to cut it against the British forces.

31
Q

Bill of Rights

A

The Bill of Rights is made of the first 10 amendments of the Constitution.

32
Q

Louisana Purchase

A

Thomas Jefferson makes a deal with Napoleon to purchase land because Napoleon needs money to fight this war with France. Controversial at the time because Jefferson decided to purchase it without Congress because otherwise, it would take a long time to be processed, and Napoleon had already made offers to other Countries.

33
Q

First National Bank

A

Establishment of a National Bank
Pros: strong central government, the economy needs a boost(loans)
Cons: state power, free market, slaves

National Bank gets passes, after 21 years it is shut down(causes some major problems)

34
Q

Ratification

A

Giving formal consent to a treaty, contract, or agreement that makes it valid.

35
Q

Navigation Acts

A

The Navigation acts established that ALL colonial trade could only be done with England. All raw materials needed to be sent to England and no other location…

This limited colonial trade opportunities and made trade more expensive since all items had to go to England first.

36
Q

Stamp Act

A

The Stamp Act required government tax stamps on all legal documents, such as contracts, newspapers, licenses, and playing cards…

Caused colonists to refuse to use stamps and burn them. Stamp act congress formed in order to ask for a repeal.

37
Q

Townshend Act

A

The Townshend Acts were the tipping point. Taxes were placed on lead, paint, paper, glass, and tea that were imported. Custom officers got the right to search homes without a warrant. Colonial Assemblies were suspended…

Colonists became upset at the attempt to threaten their self-government, they have no representation. Protests about taxation grew.

38
Q

Declaration of Independence

A

The Declaration of Independence was presented on July 2nd and approved on July 4th. The purpose of the Declaration of Independence was to explain all the tyrannical things that the King had done to the colonies, and why they needed to be their own country. (list of grievances)

39
Q

Virginia Plan

A

The Virginia Plan was one option of how the United States would be governed:

  • large state plan
  • more power for the states/local governments
  • bicameral legislature(two houses)
  • number of representatives based on population
40
Q

Proclamation of Neutrality

A

One issue while George Washington was president was having a foreign alliance with France and if we should help them during their Revolution because they helped us during ours. T. Jefferson thinks we should keep the relationship, while Alexander Hamilton thinks that because the King is dead, we have no promise…

So Washington issues the Proclamation of Neutrality which says:

  • the US would be friendly but impartial
  • Citizens should not choose a side

American response: we betrayed our ally