Content- Part 2

Question 1

What is water’s role in biology?

Answer 1

Water content helps to maintain a cells morphology

Question 2

The molecules that dissolve in water must be what:

Answer 2

1- The molecules must be hydrophilic

2- The molecules that dissolve must be polar themselves

Question 3

What is the size of some somas?

Answer 3

5-140 micrometres

Question 4

What are CNS grey and white matter?

Answer 4

A form of tissue arrangement.

White matter contains myelinated nerve fibres

Grey matter is the central region of the spinal cord

Question 5

What cell types provides the myelin sheath of axons in the PNS and CNS respectively?

Answer 5

PNS = Schwann cells
CNS = Oligodendrocytes

Question 6

What glia cell type helps maintain the blood brain barrier?

Answer 6

Astrocytes

Question 7

Which glial cells line the cerebral ventricles and why?

Answer 7

Ependymal cell because this forms a continuous epithelial sheet

Question 8

What is the function of microglia?

Answer 8

Plays a role in CNS injury/inflammation

Question 9

What is coactivation?

Answer 9

Simultaneous activity of agonist and antagonist muscles

Question 10

What is the latent period?

Answer 10

Interval between the stimulus and the beginning of contraction

Question 11

What disease could slow down nerve conduction?

Answer 11

Peripheral nerve injury

Question 12

Why is there a lot of adipose tissue around the eye?

Answer 12

So that it can act as a protective cushion

Question 13

What does the ora serrata represent and why does it have this name?

Answer 13

The ora serrata represents the transition region.

It has this name because it has a serrated appearance

Question 14

What type of tissue is the vitreous humour an example of?

Answer 14

Connective tissue

Question 15

What is the function of the vitreous humour?

Answer 15

Provides support for the eyeball, plus additional refractive power

Question 16

The retina is involved in the “transduction” of the visual stimulus. What does this mean?

Answer 16

It converts the optical image into nervous potentials

Question 17

What is the function of a tapetum?

Answer 17

Assists with vision at night time

Question 18

Why is the tapetum sometimes unevenly distributed?

Answer 18

Because for some mammals, they only need to reflect light coming from below for food purposes.

Question 19

How is the lens attached to the ciliary body?

Answer 19

By zonules

Question 20

Which lens is more curved?

Answer 20

Posterior

Question 21

What feature distinguishes the pars plana and pars pilcata?

Answer 21

The pars plana is smoother and thinner

Question 22

What are the two main functions of the ciliary body?

Answer 22

1- Produces aqueous humour

2- Contains the ciliary muscle which allows for accommodation

Question 23

What is the limbus?

Answer 23

The corneoscleral junction

Question 24

What is drained at the filtration angle?

Answer 24

Aqueous

Question 25

What pathological condition results from inadequate drainage?

Answer 25

Glaucoma

Question 26

What is the function of the ciliary body epithelium?

Answer 26

Produces the aqueous humour

Question 27

What is the function of the iris epithelium?

Answer 27

Controls the entry of light into the eye