Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

3RD YEAR SECOND SEM > CONTEMPORARY WORLD > Flashcards

CONTEMPORARY WORLD Flashcards

1
Q

refers to a period of time when there is a prevailing sense of the interconnectedness of all human beings, of a common fate for the human species and of a threat to its life on this Earth.(ALBROW 2012)

A

GLOBAL AGE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

process of interaction and integration among the people, companies, and governments of different nations, a process driven by international trade and investment and aided by information technology.

A

GLOBALIZATION

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

This process has effects on the environment, on culture, on political systems, on economic development and prosperity, and on human physical well-being in societies around the world.

A

GLOBALIZATION

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

FLOBALIZATION IS:

A
  1. About liberalization and global integration of market
  2. Inevitable and irreversible
  3. Nobody is in charge of it
  4. Benefits everyone in the long run
  5. Furthers spread of democracy in the world
  6. Requires global war on terror
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

processes that interconnect individuals and social groups across specific geo-political borders.

A

TRANSITIONAL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

rise of new social identities and relations that cannot be defined as nation-states.

A

TRANSITIONALITY

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

omnipresence of the process of globalization.

A

GLOBAITY

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Signifies social condition.

A

GLOBAITY

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

METAPHORS

A
  1. SOLIDITY
  2. FLOWS
  3. LIQUIDITY
  4. HEAVY
  5. LIGHT
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

people, things, information and places ”harden” over time and therefore have limited mobility

A

SOLIDITY

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

movement of people, things, information, and places due, in part, to the increasing porosity of global barriers.

A

FLOWS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

FROM “SOLID” TO “LIQUID”

A

FLOWS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

increasing ease of movement of people, things, information, and places in the global age.

A

LIQUIDITY

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

difficult to move

A

HEAVY

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

easier to move

A

LIGHT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

is not a single concept that can be defined and encompassed within a set time frame, nor is a process that can be defined clearly with a beginning and an end

A

GLOBALIZATION

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

involves economic integration, the transfer of policies across borders, the transmission of knowledge, cultural stability; the reproduction, relation, and discourses of power; it is a global process, a concept, a revolution, and an establishment of the global market free from sociopolitical control

A

GLOBALIZATION

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

It is a concept that has been defined variously over the years with some connotations referring to progress, development and stability, integration and cooperation, and others referring to regression, colonialism, and destabilization

A

GLOBALIZATION

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

An individual’s political ideology, geographic location social status, cultural background and ethnic and religious affiliation provide the background that determines how globalization is interpreted in 1995, _________, President of the Third World Network in Malaysia, referred to globalization as colonization Concurrently Swedish journalist Thomas Larsson, in his book The Race to the Top The Real Story of Globalization (2001)

A

MARTIN KHOR

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

process that encompasses the causes, course, and consequences of transnational and transcultural integration of human and non-human activities

A

GLOBALIZATION

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

process which generates flows and connections not simply across nation-states and national territorial boundaries but between global regions, continents and civilizations.

A

GLOBALIZATION

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

The best scholarly description of globalization is provided by _____________ who describes the process as “the expansion and intensification of social relations and consciousness across world-time and across world-space.”

A

MANFRED STEGER

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

According to ___________. Expansion refers to both the creation of new social networks and multiplication of existing connections that cut across traditional political, economic, cultural, and geographic boundaries.

A

MANFRED STEGER

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Steger posits that his definitions of globalization must be differentiated with an ideology he calls _____

A

GLOBALISM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

represents the many processes that allow for the expansion and intensification of global connections

A

GLOBALIZATION

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

is a widespread belief among powerful people and the global integration of economic markets is beneficial for everyone, since it spreads freedom and democracy across the world.

A

GLOBALISM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

For anthropologist _________, different kinds of globalization occur on multiple and intersecting dimensions of integration that he calls “scapes”

A

ARJUN APPARUDAI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

“__________” refers to the global movement of people

A

TECHNOSCAPE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

“___________” is about the flow of culture

A

MEDIASCAPE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

“_______” refers to the circulation of mechanical goods and software

A

TECHNOSCAPE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

“________” denotes the global circulation of money

A

FINANCESCAPE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

“______” is the realm where political ideas move around.

A

IDIOSCAPE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

_________ is the exchange of goods and services integrated into a huge single market

A

GLOBAL ECONOMY

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

_____________ makes it possible for more goods to be produced and for more human wants to be satisfied than if every country tries by itself to produce everything it needs.

A

INTERNATIONAL TRADE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

_________ developments paly an important role in driving activity and financial markets in the US.

A

GLOBAL ECONOMIC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

____________ occurs when prices among different locations or related goods follow similar patterns over a long period of time.

A

MARKET INTEGRATION

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

is the immunity that it provides the parent company from potential takeovers.

A

MARKET INTEGRATION

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

The _____________ National System of Interstate and Defense Highways, commonly known as the Interstate Highway System, is a network of controlled-access highways that forms part of the National Highway System in the United States.

A

DWIGHT D. EISENHOWER

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

Construction of the system was authorized by the ____________.

A

FEDERAL AID HIGHWAY ACT OF 1956

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

____________ or ___________ is a movement toward political cooperation among transnational actors, aimed at negotiating responses to problems that affect more than one state or region.

A

GLOBAL GOVERNANCE OR WORLD GOVERNANCE

41
Q

involves multiple states including international organizations with one state having more of a lead role than the rest.

A

GLOBAL GOVERNANCE

42
Q

The modern question of world governance exists in the context of globalization and globalizing regimes of power: ______, _______ and _________.

A

POLITICALLY
ECONOMICALLY
CULTURALLY

43
Q

the term “___________” may name the process of designating laws, rules, or regulations intended for a global scale.

A

GLOBAL GOVERNANCE

44
Q

________ is not a singular system.

A

GLOBAL GOVERNANCE

45
Q

___________ as the most prominent intergovernmental organization today.

A

UNITED NATIONS (UN)

46
Q

The goal of ______, roughly defined, is to provide global public goods, particularly peace and security, justice and mediation systems for conflict, functioning markets and unified standards for trade and industry.

A

GLOBAL GOVERNANCE

47
Q

When scholars refer to groups like the UN or institutions like the IMF and the World Bank, they usually call them ___________.

A

INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS (IOs)

48
Q

the term is commonly used to refer to international intergovernmental organizations or groups that are primarily made up of member states.

A

INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS (IOs)

49
Q

In the ____ and ____, many scholars believed that IOs were just venues where the contradicting, but sometimes intersecting, agendas of countries were discussed- no more than talk shops.

A

1960s and 1970s

50
Q

_____ can take on lives of their own

A

INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS (IOs)

51
Q

____ was able to promote a particular form of economic orthodoxy that stemmed mainly from the beliefs of its professional economists.

A

IMF

52
Q

_____ can thus become influential as independent organizations.

A

IOs

53
Q

International relations scholars _______ and ______ listed the follow powers of IOs

A

MICHAEL N. BARNETT AND MARTHA FENNIMORE

54
Q

IOs have the power of:

A

CLASSIFICATION
FIX MEANINGS
DIFFUSE NORMS

55
Q

_____ are accepted codes of conduct that may not be strict law, but nevertheless produce regularity in behavior

A

NORMS

56
Q

can be sources of great good and great harm

A

IOs

57
Q

Permanent 5 (P5) OF UN

A

CHINA
FRANCE
RUSSIA
UNITED KINGDOM
UNITED STATES

58
Q

international criminal cases are heard by the _____________, which is independent of the UN

A

INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL COURT

59
Q

has made people aware of the world in general, but it has also made Filipinos more cognizant of specific areas such as Southeast Asia.

A

GLOBALIZATION

60
Q

is often as apolitical and economic phenomenon

A

REGIONALISM

61
Q

also a process, and must be treated as an “emergent, socially constituted phenomenon.”

A

REGIONALISM

62
Q

It means that regions are not natural or given, rather, they are constructed and defined by policymakers, economic actors, and even social movements.

A

REGIONALISM

63
Q

The other facets of regionalism will then be explored, especially those that pertain to _____, _____, _____.

A

IDENTITIES
ETHICS
RELIGION

64
Q

__________ and________ state that economic and political definitions of regions vary, but there are certain basic features that everyone can agree on

A

EDWARD D. MANSFIELD AND HELEN V. MILNER

65
Q

are “a group of countries located in the same geographically specified are”

A

REGIONS

66
Q

“oversee flows and policy choices”.

A

REGIONS

67
Q

The most widely known defense grouping is the _________ formed during the Cold War when several Western European countries plus the United States agreed to protect Europe against the threat of the Soviet Union.

A

NORTH ATLANTIC TREATY ORGANIZATION (NATO)

68
Q

The Soviet Union imploded in _______, but NATO remains in place.

A

DECEMBER 1991

69
Q

The ______________ was established in 1960 by Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, and Venezuela to regulate the production and sale of oil.

A

ORGANIZATION OF THE PETROLEUM EXPORTING COUNTRIES (OPEC)

70
Q

The presidents of Egypt, Ghana, India, Indonesia and Yugoslavia created the _________ in 1961 to pursue world peace and international cooperation, human rights, national sovereignty, racial and national equality, non-intervention and peaceful conflict resolution.

A

NON-ALIGNED MOVEMENT (NAM)

71
Q

Perhaps the most crisis-ridden regional organization of today is the ________________.

A

EUROPEAN UNION

72
Q

____ members continue to disagree over the extent to which member countries should sacrifice their sovereignty for the sake of regional stability.

A

ASEAN

73
Q

___________ may see regional organizations not simply as economic formations but also as instruments of political democratization

A

WESTERN GOVERNMENTS

74
Q

____________ tedious procedures must, therefore, give way to efficiency.

A

DEMOCRACY

75
Q

The population of the countries that joined the _____________ alone comprised 37 percent of the world’s population in 2007.

A

ASIA PACIFIC ECONOMIC COUNCIL (APEC)

76
Q

FUNCTIONS OF INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS (8)

A
  • Articulation and aggregation
  • Norms creation
  • Recruitment
  • Socialization
  • Rule-making
  • Rule-application
  • Rule-adjudication
  • Information
77
Q

It helps the war-devasted countries by granting them loans for reconstruction

A

WORLD BANK

78
Q

provide extensive experience and the financial resources of the bank help the poor countries
increase their economic growth, reducing poverty and a better standard of living.

A

WORLD BANK

79
Q

The ________________, commonly referred to as the World Bank, is an international financial institution whose purposes include assisting the development of its member nation’s territories, promoting and supplementing private foreign investment and promoting long-range balance.

A

International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD)

80
Q

The ____________ aims to reducing global poverty, encouraging international trade, and promoting financial stability and economic growth.

A

International Monetary Fund

81
Q

The IMF has three main functions:

A
  1. overseeing economic 2. development
  2. lending
  3. capacity development.
82
Q

is the only international organization dealing with the global rules of trade.

A

World Trade Organization (WTO)

83
Q

Its main function is to ensure that trade flows as smoothly, predictably and freely as possible. Global rules of trade provide assurance and stability.

A

World Trade Organization (WTO)

84
Q

Economist generally agree that economic development and growth are influenced by four factors:

A
  1. HUMAN RESOURCES
  2. PHYSICAL CAPITAL
  3. NATURAL RESOURCES
  4. TECHNOLOGY
85
Q

Economic growth only comes from increasing the quality and quantity of the factors of production, which consist of four broad types:

A
  1. LAND
  2. LABOR
  3. CAPITAL
  4. ENTREPRENEURSHIP
86
Q

The growth in cross-border economic activities takes five principal forms (Stiglits, 2003):

A

(1) International trade;
(2) foreign direct investment;
(3) capital market flows;
(4) migration (movement of labor); and
(5) diffusion of technology

87
Q

Types of market integration

A
  1. Horizontal integration
  2. Vertical integration
  3. Conglomeration
88
Q

This occurs when a firm or agency gains control of other firms or agencies performing similar marketing functions at the same level in the marketing sequence.

A

Horizontal integration

89
Q

This occurs when a firm performs more than one activity in the sequence of marketing process

A

Vertical integration

90
Q

Describes the process by which a conglomerate is created, as when a parent company begins to acquire subsidiaries.

A

Conglomeration

91
Q

Sometimes ________ can refer to a time period when many conglomerates are formed simultaneously

A

Conglomeration

92
Q

______________ are designated by one- or two-digit numbers

A

Major Interstate routes

93
Q

Routes with ___ numbers run north and south

A

ODD

94
Q

_____ numbered run east and west

A

EVEN

95
Q

For north-south routes, the lowest numbers begin in the ______

A

WEST

96
Q

the lowest numbered east-west routes are in the ______.

A

SOUTH

97
Q

It is the whole system of human interactions.

A

Global Interstate System

98
Q

The ___________ is structured politically as an interstate system – a system of competing and allying states.

A

modern world-system

99
Q

commonly call this the international system, and it is the main focus of the field of International Relations.

A

Political Scientists

3RD YEAR SECOND SEM (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions