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Geography > Consuming Energy Resources > Flashcards

Consuming Energy Resources Flashcards

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1
Q

Name the 3 categories of energy resources

A

Renewable, Non-renewable and recyclable.

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2
Q

Name some ways of producing energy that damage the environment

A

Mining, habitats get destroyed and Drilling oil spills into oceans

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3
Q

What are some negatives of wind energy?

A

Take up lots of space, constant humming noisy and the blades can kill or injure birds or bats

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4
Q

What are some negatives of solar energy?

A

Heat reflected from mirrors can kill wildlife

Not reliable in areas with little sun

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5
Q

What are some negatives of Hydro Electric power?

A

Cause other issues e.g. flooding further downstream and they are very expensive to build. Also requiring lots of water and land.

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6
Q

What factors have an impact on a country’s access to energy?

A

Technology, geology, accessibility (permafrost), climate and landscape.

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7
Q

Why do developing countries use very little energy?

A

As they have more primary industry e.g. agriculture which uses very little energy.

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8
Q

What can oil supply and oil prices be affected by?

A

conflicts, diplomatic relations, recessions (lower demand) and economic booms (higher demand so prices increase)

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9
Q

Give examples of an oil reserve and unconventional gas

A

Tar Sands and fracking

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10
Q

Why is fracking bad for the environment?

A

It pollutes groundwater and drinking water due to the chemicals used.

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11
Q

Why are Tar sands bad for the environment?

A

Liquid waste is produced which is full of harmful chemicals which can pollute water supplies if not managed properly.
Also the vast amount of space needed devastates habitats.

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12
Q

In what ways can the demand for energy be reduced?

A

By conserving energy and making energy use more efficient.

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13
Q

What is energy conservation?

A

Changing our behaviour e.g. driving less, and drying our clothes on a line rather than using a dryer.

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14
Q

What is energy efficiency?

A

If something is energy efficient it does the same job but using less energy. e.g. low-energy lightbulb

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15
Q

Where are two areas where the demand for energy can be effectively reduced?

A

The Home and Transport

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16
Q

How can the demand for energy be reduced in the two areas?

A

Insulation, solar panels - HOME

Improving public transport or encouraging walking
Hybrid cars combine diesel and electric power to increase efficiency. They use electricity hen possible and recharge their batteries using diesel power.

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17
Q

What are the 3 main advantages to reducing the use of fossil fuels

A

Improving energy security (having a reliable and affordable supply of energy available)
Reducing carbon footprint
Diversifying the energy mix

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18
Q

Why is diversifying the energy mix a good thing?

A

Having a diverse energy mix reduces a country’s reliance on a single source of energy which increases energy security.

19
Q

Using renewable energy sources instead of fossil fuels will also make non-renewable energy sources …… ……

A

Using renewable energy sources instead of fossil fuels will also make non-renewable energy sources last longer.

20
Q

Give 5 examples of sustainable energy sources

A

HEP, solar energy, wind energy, biofuels and hydrogen fuel.

21
Q

What is a cost to hydrogen fuels?

A

It isn’t easily accessible, and is flammable so therefore dangerous.

22
Q

What is a cost of biofuels?

A

Growing crops for biofuels is leading to deforestation in some areas.

23
Q

Who are the 5 groups who have contrasting views about energy futures?

A

Consumers, TNC’S, Governments, climate scientists, and environmental groups.

24
Q

What are the 3 main reasons for attitudes to energy futures changing?

A

Due to education, rising affluence and environmental concerns.

25
Q

Give two factors that are used to calculate ecological and carbon footprints

A

Food and travel.

26
Q

Why is the distribution of global energy uneven?

A

Climate- solar power needs large amount of sun
Technology may be too expensive
Landscape- wind turbines
Accessibility e.g. permafrost.

27
Q

Describe TNC’s attitudes to sustainability?

A

Usually favour business as usual (want most profit)

28
Q

Describe the governments attitude to sustainability

A

Under pressure from consumers to protect environment, however fossil fuels help emerging countries to develop

29
Q

Describe consumers attitude to sustainability?

A

Favour cheap supply on energy, but want secure energy.

30
Q

What are the impacts of oil extraction?

A

Scarring landscapes and loss of habitats

31
Q

Impacts of deforestation?

A

Loss of habitats and carbon emissions (greenhouse effect)

32
Q

Impacts of wind turbines?

A

Unsightly, noise pollution and can kill birds

33
Q

Impacts of Coal mining?

A

Scarring of landscape

34
Q

Why is demand for energy increasing?

A

Due to population growth, and industrialisation. Also higher disposable income (multiplier effect)

35
Q

Factors affecting price of energy resources

A

Conflicts (relations between countries) e.g. Iraq and Sudan meaning they won’t supply fuel to the country
Demand is low = prices drop
Demand is high = prices rise

36
Q

Name methods of being more sustainable (London)

A

Congestion charges discourage people from driving through London
Cycle hire encourages alternative transport
Energy efficient homes result in less wasted energy

37
Q

What ways can the demand for energy be reduced?

A 
Energy conservation (changing behaviour e.g. driving less)
Energy efficiency (same job requiring less energy e.g. low-energy lightbulb)
38
Q

How can transport reduce the demand for energy?

A

Improving public transport and encouraging walking
Hybrid cars use electricity when possible and only recharge their batteries using diesel
Regenerative braking- Fitted with devices to store the energy lost under braking and use it later.

39
Q

What are the 3 main advantages to reducing the use of fossil fuels?

A

Improving energy security
Reducing carbon footprints (greenhouse gas emissions)
Diversifying the energy mix

40
Q

How is having a diverse energy mix beneficial

A

Reduces a countries reliance on one energy resource which increases security as the country is less affected by shortages meaning less risk of energy deficits.

41
Q

What is an energy deficit?

A

Where the amount of energy produced isn’t enough to meet a populations needs.

42
Q

Why are attitudes to energy futures changing?

A

Due to rising affluence, education and environmental concerns.

43
Q

How can you calculate your carbon/ ecological footprint?

A

Food, Home, Travel, Lifestyle

Geography (4 decks)

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